Windows system configuration. How to use Msconfig - ways to start and basic settings Go to boot options

Windows 10 features a new menu that brings together a lot of options operating system. Here is carried out fine tuning most of the key options of Windows 10, which, compared even with the previous version, are much more here.

Today we will make a brief digression into the new "Parameters" menu and consider how only the installed "ten" is configured.

How to launch "Options"

The options dialog is called by several methods, thus giving the user the opportunity to choose the most convenient one for himself. You can call the window where Windows 10 is configured as follows:

through the Start menu using the icon of the same name;

using the search bar;

through the notification panel, which allows you to carry out "quick actions";

through tiles in the taskbar;

using the key combination "Win + I".

Overview of the settings menu

Majority setting Windows settings 10 is carried out in a window that opens in any way. All options here are sorted into categories for easy configuration and searching for the required parameter.

This section configures the most important system parameters:

resolution, brightness, screen position;
fine-tuning the new notification application - you can specify which programs are allowed to display alerts, disable them and display shortcuts for several so-called quick actions (rotate the display, connect to the network, create a note);
setting up virtual desktops and organizing multiple windows when multitasking;
tablet mode configuration;
the "Storage" subsection allows you to distribute downloaded files by assigning each category (audio, video, documents, programs) its own download directory;
here, as in the control panel, files are associated with applications that will open them in Windows 10 by default.

The section contains a list of connected to the PC peripherals where you can change their settings. So, here you add a new device, configure input devices, a printer, and automatically start portable drives.

Networks, Internet

It is an analogue of the network control center and contains all the parameters necessary to configure any network supported by your edition of Windows 10. In the window, you can create a new VPN connection and configure network adapter according to the requirements of the created connection. Oddly enough, the developers placed a firewall in the section, which, as practice shows, is used by an insignificant number of users.

A separate item, in addition to creating a VPN, in Windows 10 is the creation of an Ethernet connection and its subsequent configuration.

Perhaps the most interesting moment among all the parameters of the "tens". No wonder the developers banned editing appearance unlicensed operating system.

By the way, after turning off the network and restarting the computer, such an opportunity appears .

As in the "seven", here you can change the background image or color, themes and the Start menu. For the latter, a wider range of settings is available. Also in Windows 10, you can change the background image of the lock screen and display the status of applications that support this function on it.

Confidentiality

The second, after personalization, is the settings section that users love. It allows you to change numerous privacy settings, and if configured correctly, even to Microsoft servers.

By disabling the maximum of functions, better protect yourself from surveillance. But even here there are reasonable limits that should be observed. For beginners, there are a lot of instructions on how to get rid of surveillance in the top ten.

The last difference between Windows 10 settings is the ability to pin a graphic element (shortcut to a directory or program, settings, control panel applets) on the start screen.

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The Windows 7 operating system allows you to manage the boot options of installed operating systems, manipulate services and startup. The System Configuration utility, called by the msconfig command, is designed for this.

How to enter the configurator msconfig.exe?

There are several ways to launch the utility. We present 3 of the simplest.

Search line

To launch the utility, you must enter the word in the search bar of the Start menu. msconfig, and then select the found utility in the search results.

Run command

Open the Run submenu located in the Start menu and type in the text field msconfig, then press Enter or the OK button.

Command line

Open Start - All Programs, and then in the "Accessories" folder, select "Command Prompt".

In the window that opens with a black background, enter msconfig and press Enter.

In addition to the above methods, it is possible to open the utility directly from the folder where it is located. To do this, go to the C:\Windows\System32 directory and run msconfig.exe.

Proper msconfig configuration for current needs

The System Configuration Utility (MSCONFIG) window has several tabs: General, Boot, Services, Startup, and Services.

General

The "General" section is designed to select one of three options for loading the operating system. By default, "Normal Startup" is selected, which loads all the necessary drivers, services and programs at startup.

The user can install "Diagnostic Startup" to load only the drivers and services necessary for the functioning of the system. This mode is used to identify the causes of errors in Windows 7. For example, when loading, an error unknown to you began to appear, or after a while the computer simply restarts or issues blue screen"of death". The cause may be errors in the drivers or system files, or it may cause an error installed application. If there are no problems in the system operation in the diagnostic mode, then the user program is to blame.

"Selective startup" is used to further diagnose and identify the causes of problems in the system. You can sequentially enable additional services and startup programs. It is recommended to start the system by first enabling system services, then enable items in startup and reboot. At the last step, enable "Use original boot configuration", which will correspond to the normal OS startup option. Thus, you will be able to localize the cause and identify the group of programs or services that lead to errors.

The Boot section allows you to manage the boot of installed operating systems. If you have multiple systems installed, you can configure which one will boot first. To do this, select one of the systems from the list and click on the "Use as default" button. Additionally, you can set the waiting time for the user to select a particular system by changing the time interval in the "Timeout" field.

Here you can also configure additional download options. Enabling the "Safe Mode" feature will allow you to run the operating system with limited capabilities. This downloads only the most necessary drivers and devices. This mode is used to diagnose software problems.

There are several options for working in safe mode:

"Minimum download" essentially allows you to download a minimal set of drivers and use only the required number of devices, and without the support of network services and devices.
"Other Shell" allows you to additionally use the command line in safe mode, but Windows Explorer will not be available, as well as the network.
"Recovery Active Directory" - allows you to start Windows Explorer in safe mode with support for Active Directory directories.
"Network" - loads network services and devices.

"Without GUI" - disables the animation of loading the operating system.
"Boot log" - includes the ability to save information about system boot to a file (keep a boot log). The log is saved in the "Ntbtlog.txt" file, which is located in the %SystemRoot% folder.
"Basic video" - makes it possible to replace video card drivers. That is, instead of installed video drivers, standard VGA drivers will be used.
"OS Information" - allows you to display information about loaded drivers during system boot.

You can also set other additional Windows 7 boot options by clicking on the appropriate button below the OS list. The purpose of this section is to set limits on the use of physical resources at startup.

"Number of processors" - limits the use of cores of multi-core processors by specifying their number.
"Maximum memory" - sets the limit of the used random access memory.
"PCI Lock" - allows you to restrict the use of I / O devices connected to PCI bus.
"Debug" - activates the debug mode. It is used primarily by driver and software developers.

Services

Section "Services" - used to enable and disable all services of the operating system. During system diagnostics, you can disable some services to determine the cause of problems. To hide system services, check the "Do not display Microsoft services" box. After that, on the "General" tab, set the "Selective startup" mode and enable the "Load system services" item. On the Services tab, disable all other user services, restart your computer. If there are no problems after that, then the user services are the cause. Now sequentially enabling services, you can easily determine the source of problems. If the problem does not disappear, then the reason lies in the system services. Disable all services and then enable them sequentially to determine the source of the system failure.

Section "Startup" - allows you to enable or disable the automatic launch of certain programs at OS startup. To disable automatic loading of any program, uncheck the box next to the selected program and click the "OK" button. You can manage startup options to diagnose problems or to improve system boot speed. Often, during the operation of a computer, a user has up to 20 applications in startup, most of which he does not even suspect. Naturally, such a number of programs significantly slows down the loading of Windows. If you are diagnosing the system, you can disable all programs at startup, and then enable them sequentially to determine the source of the error.

Service

The "Service" section is used to launch additional system utilities. Here the user can run additional funds diagnostics, administration and management of the operating system. It is enough to select the utility you are interested in (there is a brief description of each of them next to it) and click on the "Run" button to open it.

As you can see, the MSCONFIG utility is quite easy to use and allows you to diagnose software malfunctions during boot Windows systems. However, chaotic changes in this application can lead to undesirable consequences, so write down the changes you make so that in case of problems it is easy to return everything to its original state.

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System Setup- this is diagnostic tool created for setting parameters Windows startup 7, in order to identify the causes of malfunctions in the computer and operating system. Using the System Configuration program, you can identify drivers, programs and components, due to the incorrect operation of which errors occur during the startup and operation of Windows 7.

Launching System Setup

To open System Setup, open the Start menu, type in search string and press Enter .

You can also use the keyboard shortcut Windows + R, type and press OK.

General tab

On the tab You can choose one of three options for starting the operating system:

Normal startup

In that Windows mode 7 starts in the usual way. "Normal startup" is used when there are no problems booting the OS or after troubleshooting.

Diagnostic run

In diagnostic startup mode, only the essential services and drivers that are necessary for the operation of the operating system and the computer start with Windows. If the problem does not disappear when the diagnostic startup is enabled, then most likely the main files and windows drivers. If there are no problems with the diagnostic startup enabled, then you need to use the mode Selective launch.

Selective launch

In this mode, Windows 7 starts using basic services and drivers, as well as other services and automatically loaded programs selected by the user. There are three additional options available:

Load system services– if this option is enabled, then the operating system is loaded from standard set services needed to make it work.
– if this option is enabled, the programs marked with flags on the tab are launched together with the operating system.
- This option is enabled and grayed out by default. This option restores the original Windows 7 startup settings if changes are made on the tab.

Selective startup should be used if diagnostic run passed without error. Turn on additional services and programs one by one, and monitor the operation of the system until you identify the cause of the errors.

Download tab

Operating system by default

If you have more than one operating system installed on your computer, you can set any of them to be bootable by default. To do this, highlight the desired operating system and click the button Use by default.

You can also set an arbitrary multiboot menu delay time by setting the time in seconds in the field Time-out.

To remove an operating system from the list, select it and click Delete.

Safe mode

Safe mode- This is a mode of operation of the operating system with a limited set of services, devices and drivers necessary for the functioning of the computer.

Windows services that start in safe mode:

Windows event log
Plug and Play plug and play support
Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
Cryptography Services
Windows Defender
Tools Windows controls(WMI)

Devices and drivers that start in safe mode:

Internal hard drives(ATA, SATA, SCSI)
External hard drives (USB)
Floppy drives (internal and USB)
Internal CD and DVD drives (ATA, SCSI)
External USB drives for CDs and DVDs
Keyboards and mice (USB, PS/2, serial port)
Video cards VGA (PCI, AGP)

Check box Safe mode and select one of the download options:

Minimum- Starting Windows 7 Explorer in safe mode using only basic Windows devices, drivers and services, no network support.

Another shell- loading the command line, basic devices, drivers and services of Windows 7. Explorer and network components are disabled.

Restoring Active Directory- Starting Windows 7 Explorer in safe mode using only basic services, devices and drivers, and the Active Directory directory service.

Net– Starting Windows 7 Explorer in safe mode using only the main components of the operating system, as well as the following network components:

Network adapters (wired Ethernet and wireless 802.11x)
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Network connections
NetBIOS over TCP/IP support module
Windows Firewall

Download log- all information about the boot process of Windows 7 is saved to a file %SystemRoot%/Ntbtlog.txt.

Base video– standard VGA drivers are loaded instead of the drivers corresponding to the video card.

OS Information- During Windows 7 boot, the names of the drivers to be loaded are displayed.

Make these boot options permanent– if this option is enabled, then the system settings you have changed can only be canceled manually. You will not be able to undo the changes by selecting the "Normal startup" mode on the "General" tab. Also, you will not be able to undo changes using the function Use original boot configuration tab .

To configure advanced boot options for Windows 7, on the tab, click Extra options.

Number of processors

With this setting, you can limit the number of both real and virtual processors used in the system. Check the box and use the drop-down list to specify the number of processors to use from the next system startup.

Maximum Memory

With this setting, you can limit the amount of physical RAM used by the operating system. Select the checkbox and in the text field set the maximum amount of RAM (in megabytes) that will be used by the system from the next start.

PCI lock

If this setting is enabled, the operating system does not allocate I/O and interrupt resources on the PCI bus. At the same time, the I/O and memory resources specified in the BIOS are preserved.

Debugging

If this setting is enabled, you can set global kernel-mode debugging options for device driver developers.

Services tab

Tab Services contains a list of services that start automatically when Windows boot 7. All these services are conditionally divided into two categories:

Microsoft services on which the operation of the operating system depends;
third party services necessary for the operation of drivers and some programs.

When identifying the causes of problems that occur during the startup or operation of Windows 7, you need to perform the following steps:

1. Tab

Turn on Selective launch.
Check box Load system services.
Uncheck Download startup items.

2. Tab Services:

Check box .
Disable all third party services from starting.

3. Restart your computer.

If problems do not occur after a reboot, then the Windows 7 system components are working, and the cause of the errors is most likely the incorrect operation of one or more third-party services. To determine which service is causing the failure, enable one service at a time, restart the computer, and monitor the system status.

If, after disabling third-party services, the system still works with errors, then the underlying components of the operating system are probably damaged. To identify the cause of the errors, follow these steps:

1. Uncheck Do not display Microsoft services.

2. Disable all Microsoft services, then enable them one at a time, restart the computer and monitor the changes until you identify all the services that are causing the failure.

Startup tab

In column Startup element the name of the program is displayed.
In column Manufacturer- Program developer.
In column Team the executable file that starts with the OS is specified, as well as the location of this file.
In column Location displays the registry key responsible for automatically starting the program along with Windows 7.
In column Shutdown date indicates the date of disabling startup items that do not start automatically with the operating system.

If you experience problems with Windows 7, you can try to determine the cause of the problem by disabling automatic startup programs one by one. To find out which program is causing the crash, turn off the startup of all programs, and then turn on one program at a time, restart the computer and monitor the system status.

To prevent the program from starting with Windows 7, you need to uncheck the box next to its name and click the button Apply.

Service tab

Tab allows you to quickly launch configuration, administration and Windows Diagnostics. Highlight the desired tool and click the button launch.

About the program- Display information about Windows versions 7 installed on the computer.

Changing User Account Control Settings- configuring UAC - a Windows 7 security component that asks for confirmation of actions that require administrator rights.

Support Center- the main place to view alerts and take actions that help the normal operation of Windows 7. The Action Center lists important messages about computer security and maintenance settings that require the user's attention.

is a set of tools for automatically fixing some common Internet-related network, hardware and device problems, and program compatibility issues.

Computer management- a set of tools for managing hardware, software and network components of Windows 7.

System Information- Windows 7 feature that displays detailed information about hardware configuration, features, and software computer, including drivers.

Event Viewer– a tool for viewing detailed information about important events that occur in the system (for example, improper launch of programs or updates that are downloaded automatically). This information can be useful for troubleshooting and bugs in Windows 7 and installed programs.

Programs- the Windows 7 Programs and Features tool, designed to enable and disable Windows 7 features, as well as to remove programs or change their configuration.

Properties of the system- basic information about the hardware and operating system. Version and status Windows activation 7, performance index, computer name, domain name and workgroup settings.

Internet Options- options Internet browser explorer.

IP protocol configuration– viewing and setting the network address of the computer (on the command line).

is a powerful diagnostic and performance monitoring tool built into Windows 7.

Resource Monitor- a tool for viewing information about the use of the processor, hard drive, network and memory in real time.

Task Manager- displays applications, processes and services that are currently running on the computer. With it, you can monitor the performance of your computer or shut down applications that are not responding. Monitoring the state of the network and viewing the parameters of its operation.

Command line – windows function 7, which provides the ability to enter MS-DOS commands and other commands without a graphical user interface.

Registry Editor– a tool designed to view and change parameters in system registry, which contains information about the operation of the computer.

Msconfig ("Microsoft System Configuration Utility") is a tool for configuring and troubleshooting Windows operating systems. It first appeared in Windows 98 and its purpose was to help users manage OS services. It is also designed to provide control over the health of system components.

What functions does

The components of the utility allow the user to effectively identify and troubleshoot problems in operation. personal computer. The program can identify drivers for their inoperability, activate and deactivate system components, control the launch of programs and services. Thus, it is a tool for flexible configuration of OS parameters.

How to enter System Configuration