Charger. Types and work. Application and how to choose. Chargers for a screwdriver Battery design principles

What to expect for all of us in a few years is difficult to predict, since technological progress is developing incredibly fast, not striding by leaps and bounds, but rushing at an incredible speed. Fantastic ideas are born in the minds of engineers, which after a short period of time become a reality. Charging phones, eliminating any wires, is currently quite realistic. However, many users still cannot figure out how a wireless phone charger works, believing that such manipulations are on a par with fantastic deeds.

You can now charge your smartphone using a wireless device.

If you're tired of untangling your cords every time you need to charge your smartphone, then you really need to consider an alternative form of power transfer. In order to consciously approach such a process, eliminating any doubts, it is useful to understand what the principle of the direct operation of wireless charging is.

Having heard for the first time that there is wireless charging for the phone, many smartphone owners begin to fantasize on their own, convincing themselves that the distribution of energy will occur at any distance. Of course, this is an incredible misconception. In no case should a wireless phone charger be compared to Wi-Fi.

Trying to figure out how wireless charging works, it would be useful to get acquainted with additional information, from which it will become clear that charging that excludes the use of wires is a type of magnetic inductive charging.

If you decide to get wireless charging, start using it actively, it won’t hurt you to delve into the principle of wireless charging for your phone.

Wireless Power Transfer Technology

Scientists are actively looking for innovative technologies that expand the capabilities of users focused on the constant use of modern gadgets. In particular, modern researchers are ready to declare that electricity can be successfully distributed using a laser, sound waves, and many other physical phenomena. However, most of these technologies are still under active development.

Among them, there is one technology that is already in active use at the moment and is being used commercially with great success. It was the transmission of electricity using electromagnetic induction that formed the basis of modern innovative developments that made it possible to practically implement the principle of wireless charging for the phone.

In any technical field, there are certain standards that are important to take into account when inventing or improving devices aimed at maintaining the performance of modern gadgets.

The Wireless Power Consortium developed a standard for wireless transmission of electricity seven years ago. This standard is called the Chinese word Qi.

Most smartphone manufacturers not only actively welcome such a unique standard focused on charging a gadget without using wires, but also apply the Qi standard in the production of their products.

For this reason, being at bus stations, railway stations, airports in economically developed countries of the world, a person gets the opportunity to charge his smartphone without burdening himself with looking for free outlets. In such crowded places, special charging stations are being installed, allowing everyone in need to use wireless charging.

How wireless charging works

If you understand how wireless charging for a phone works, it becomes clear that in order to ensure contact between the receiving and emitting devices, they are equipped with special induction coils. Of course, no matter how you try to recharge your old-style mobile phone, being in close proximity to such a distributing station, you will not succeed, since the gadget was not directly equipped with such coils by the manufacturer.

The principle of operation of wireless phone charging is the formation of a magnetic field. In particular, after connecting the charging station to the mains, the induction coils located in it create a magnetic field. If a device that supports the Qi standard enters this magnetic field, it begins to actively absorb electromagnetic waves, and then, using the built-in induction coil, convert them into energy, ensuring a confident battery charging process.

It is important to understand how to use wireless charging. It is impossible to believe that you can charge your smartphone while being at a decent distance from the charging station. It is recommended to place a discharged gadget at a distance not exceeding five centimeters.

Even if you put your smartphone directly on the wireless charger itself, the efficiency of such charging will be about 80%. Of course, those who are used to getting the most out of the manipulations being carried out will easily notice that charging the phone with a wire still has a higher efficiency.

If you conduct a practical experiment and calculate how much the charging time differs when using traditional and alternative charging, it becomes clear that in order to fully charge the battery when using wireless technology, you will have to count on an additional time of about one hour.

Qualitative characteristics of the device

If you have studied the question of how to use wireless charging for your phone, it doesn’t hurt to get acquainted with its advantages and disadvantages, its impact on human health. Armed with this knowledge, making the final decision will be much easier.

Advantages and disadvantages

The main advantage is that you no longer have to connect wires to the smartphone itself, which are often lost, twisted, fall into the paws of pets, and therefore are seriously damaged.

Unfortunately, it is still impossible to completely forget about the wires. Wires are excluded only with respect to the smartphone, but the charger itself is still connected to the outlet using wires and an electrical plug.

Another disadvantage that can cause disappointment for the purchaser is the sufficient duration of charging a mobile device.

If you decide to purchase such an innovative device, you will also have to tune in to the fact that the cost of wireless charging is several times higher than that of a wired counterpart.

Health impact

Every working mechanism emits electromagnetic waves. A modern person who cares about his health is concerned about the question of how harmful such radiation is, whether the risk of pathological changes in the body is excluded when being in close proximity to a working wireless charger.

The anxiety is quite understandable, since articles appear in the media from time to time, in which they focus the reader's attention on the dangers that modern technical means provoke. However, experts assure that these are nothing more than myths, since the danger to human health is completely excluded.

IMPORTANT. The electromagnetic waves involved in the wireless charging process are accompanied by a low frequency, so any negative impact on a person is excluded.

The same waves pass through a person every day, but technical progress has nothing to do with this. Exactly such waves in strength and frequency radiate the sun.

In addition, it is important to understand that it is unlikely that someone will constantly stand near the charger throughout the entire cycle of its operation. For this reason, engineers, doctors and other experts confidently refute the myth regarding the harm of memory for human health.

Varieties of wireless memory

Having become acquainted with the advantages and disadvantages of chargers that exclude the use of wires, many users have an active desire, despite the high cost, to still become its owner.

Currently, manufacturers are ready to offer several options for such devices, so before making a purchase, it is useful to understand their distinctive features in order to understand which model can rightly be considered the best.

Popular chargers

Samsung, accustomed to surprise consumers, has not ignored the issue of creating a wireless charger. The result of the company's work on such a technical problem is the Samsung Wireless Charging Pad.

Many users welcome it because it allows you to charge your smartphone, which can be in any position relative to the top surface of the charging itself.

Samsung Wireless Charging Pad provides charging for smartphones that support not only the WPC standard, but also AW4P and PMA.

High popularity is accompanied by another device - PowerBot. It is welcomed by the consumer because:

• itself can be connected not only to the mains, but also to a laptop;
• has an acceptable cost;
• accompanied by a high level of reliability;
• The manufacturer guarantees a long service life.

Another wireless device Nokia DT-910 provides fast charging of smartphones. In addition, the manufacturer has endowed it with many additional and very useful functions, any person who becomes the owner of such a device will be able to deal with them.

So, in the distribution network you can easily find, and if you wish, purchase a certain type of wireless charger. Since there is no health risk during the further operation of such a product, if you have the appropriate amount, you can purchase such a device in order to subsequently afford to expand the possibilities of recharging your smartphone.

Today, there are a lot of different wireless chargers. And sometimes it can be difficult to choose the right option from them. Skyway chargers are a great solution. They are compact and comfortable. At the moment, the company offers two modern devices that will allow you to quickly charge your gadgets.

Skyway Energy Fast

Powerful wireless charging Skyway Energy Fast is designed to quickly charge phones that support QI technology. With it, you can get rid of chaotically scattered charging wires and the need to constantly recharge your smartphone throughout the day: just put your phone on the Skyway Energy Fast stand, and it will automatically start to be powered by energy.

Skyway Energy Fast wireless charging will fully charge your phone with Quick Charge function in just 2.5 hours. It's 30% faster than a conventional wireless charging pad.

With Skyway Energy Fast, you can easily communicate by phone, Skype, WhatsApp, Viber or broadcast on Instagram and Periscope, while your hands will be free, and your smartphone will not be discharged and will even be charged in parallel.

The presence of two induction coils will make it possible to place the phone on charge not only in a vertical position, but also in a horizontal position, in which you can comfortably watch movies on your smartphone without worrying that it can be discharged.

The ergonomic tilt angle and small size will allow you to comfortably place the charger on the table, along with this, the Skyway Energy Fast QI-charged phone will harmoniously fit into any home or office interior.

Skyway Energy Fast significantly reduces the charging time, due to this the phone will heat up less.

The production of Skyway Energy Fast is under the strict control of Skyway Russian engineers, which ensures high quality of assembly and components. Skyway Energy Fast supports models:

Samsung: S9/S9+/Note8/S8/S8+/S7 edge/S7/Note5/S6 edge plus/S6 edge/S6;

Apple: iPhone 8 / iPhone 8 Plus / iPhone X;

other smartphones that support QI wireless charging.

Skyway Flash

The Skyway Flash wireless charger is designed to charge phones that support QI charging technology. With it, you do not have to recharge the device during the day: just put it on the stand, and it will charge itself.

Such a charging station ensures uninterrupted conversations on a smartphone, communication in instant messengers, and broadcasting on social networks. At the same time, your hands will not be busy, and the phone's charge level will not only not decrease, but even increase.

Such charging can also be easily placed on the table: both work and home. And it does not violate the design of the room at all. The rubber pad on the bottom allows you to securely fix your smartphone on the table.

Skyway Flash safety at the highest level: charging is reliably protected from short circuit, overcharging, overdischarging, overloading and overheating of the phone.

Skyway Flash supports the following models:

Samsung S9/S9+/Note8/S8/S8+/S7 edge/S7/Note5/S6 edge plus/S6 edge/S6;

Apple iPhone 8 / iPhone 8 Plus / iPhone X;

other smartphones that support QI wireless charging.

Batteries in electrical engineering are usually called chemical current sources that can replenish, restore the expended energy due to the application of an external electric field.

Devices that supply electricity to the battery plates are called chargers: they bring the current source into working condition, charge it. In order to properly operate the battery, it is necessary to understand the principles of their operation and the charger.

How the battery works

A chemical recirculating power source in operation can:

1. power the connected load, such as a light bulb, motor, mobile phone and other devices, consuming its own supply of electrical energy;

2. consume external electricity connected to it, spending it on restoring the reserve of its capacity.

In the first case, the battery is discharged, and in the second case, it receives a charge. There are many designs of batteries, but they have common principles of operation. Let us analyze this issue using the example of nickel-cadmium plates placed in an electrolyte solution.

Battery discharge

Two electrical circuits work simultaneously:

1. external, applied to the output terminals;

2. internal.

When discharged to a light bulb, in the external attached circuit, a current flows from the wires and filament, formed by the movement of electrons in metals, and in the internal part, anions and cations move through the electrolyte.

Graphite-laced nickel oxides form the basis of the positively charged plate, while cadmium sponge is used on the negative electrode.

When the battery is discharged, part of the active oxygen of nickel oxides moves into the electrolyte and moves to the plate with cadmium, where it oxidizes it, reducing the overall capacity.

Battery charge

The load from the output terminals for charging is most often removed, although in practice the method is used when the load is connected, as on the battery of a moving car or a mobile phone put on charge, on which a conversation is being carried out.

Voltage is supplied to the battery terminals from an external source of higher power. It has the form of a constant or smoothed, pulsating form, exceeds the potential difference between the electrodes, is unipolar with them.

This energy causes current to flow in the internal circuit of the battery in the opposite direction to the discharge, when active oxygen particles are “squeezed out” from sponge cadmium and through the electrolyte enter their original place. Due to this, the consumed capacity is restored.

During charging and discharging, the chemical composition of the plates changes, and the electrolyte serves as a transfer medium for the passage of anions and cations. The intensity of the electric current passing in the internal circuit affects the rate of restoration of the properties of the plates during charging and the speed of the discharge.

Accelerated processes lead to rapid release of gases, excessive heating, which can deform the design of the plates, disrupt their mechanical state.

Too low charging currents significantly lengthen the recovery time of the spent capacity. With frequent use of a delayed charge, the sulfation of the plates increases, and the capacity decreases. Therefore, the load applied to the battery and the power of the charger are always taken into account to create the optimal mode.

How the charger works

The modern range of batteries is quite extensive. For each model, optimal technologies are selected that may not be suitable or be harmful to others. Manufacturers of electronic and electrical equipment experimentally investigate the operating conditions of chemical current sources and create their own products for them, which differ in appearance, design, and output electrical characteristics.

Charging structures for mobile electronic devices

The dimensions of chargers for mobile products of different capacities differ significantly from each other. They create special working conditions for each model.

Even for the same type of AA or AAA batteries of different capacities, it is recommended to use your own charging time, depending on the capacity and characteristics of the current source. Its values ​​are indicated in the accompanying technical documentation.

A certain part of chargers and batteries for mobile phones are equipped with automatic protection that turns off the power at the end of the process. But, control over their work should still be carried out visually.

Charging structures for automotive batteries

It is especially important to follow the charging technology exactly when operating car batteries designed to work in difficult conditions. For example, in winter, in frost, with their help, it is necessary to spin the cold rotor of an internal combustion engine with a thickened lubricant through an intermediate electric motor - a starter.

Discharged or improperly prepared batteries usually do not cope with this task.

Empirical methods revealed the relationship of the charging current for lead acid and alkaline batteries. It is generally accepted that the optimal value of the charge (ampere) is 0.1 capacity (ampere hours) for the first type and 0.25 for the second.

For example, a battery has a capacity of 25 amp hours. If it is acidic, then it must be charged with a current of 0.1 ∙ 25 = 2.5 A, and for alkaline - 0.25 ∙ 25 = 6.25 A. To create such conditions, you will need to use different devices or use one universal one with a large number functions.

A modern lead acid battery charger must support a number of tasks:

control and stabilize the charge current;

take into account the temperature of the electrolyte and prevent it from heating more than 45 degrees by interrupting the power supply.

The ability to conduct a control-training cycle for an acid car battery using a charger is a necessary function that includes three stages:

1. full charge of the battery until the maximum capacity is reached;

2. ten-hour discharge with a current of 9÷10% of the nominal capacity (empirical dependence);

3. recharging a discharged battery.

During the CTC, the change in the density of the electrolyte and the completion time of the second stage are controlled. Its value is used to judge the degree of wear of the plates, the duration of the remaining resource.

Alkaline battery chargers can be used in less complex designs, because such current sources are not so sensitive to undercharging and overcharging modes.

The graph of the optimal charge of acid-base batteries for cars shows the dependence of capacity gain on the form of current change in the internal circuit.

At the beginning of the charging process, it is recommended to maintain the current at the maximum allowable value, and then reduce its value to the minimum for the final completion of the physicochemical reactions that restore the capacity.

Even in this case, it is required to control the temperature of the electrolyte, to introduce corrections for the environment.

The complete completion of the charge cycle of lead acid batteries is controlled by:

restoration of voltage on each bank 2.5 ÷ 2.6 volts;

achievement of the maximum density of the electrolyte, which ceases to change;

the formation of rapid gas evolution, when the electrolyte begins to "boil";

achievement of battery capacity exceeding by 15÷20% the value given during discharge.

Battery charger current waveforms

The condition for charging a battery is that a voltage must be applied to its plates, creating a current in the internal circuit in a certain direction. He can:

1. have a constant value;

2. or change in time according to a certain law.

In the first case, the physicochemical processes of the internal circuit proceed unchanged, and in the second case, according to the proposed algorithms with a cyclical increase and decay, creating oscillatory effects on anions and cations. The latest version of the technology is used to combat plate sulfation.

Some of the time dependences of the charge current are illustrated by graphs.

The lower right picture shows a clear difference in the output current shape of the charger, which uses thyristor control to limit the opening moment of the half-cycle of the sinusoid. Due to this, the load on the electrical circuit is regulated.

Naturally, numerous modern chargers can create other forms of currents not shown in this diagram.

Principles for creating circuits for chargers

A single-phase 220 volt network is usually used to power the charger equipment. This voltage is converted to a safe low voltage that is applied to the battery input terminals through various electronic and semiconductor components.

There are three schemes for converting industrial sinusoidal voltage in chargers due to:

1. use of electromechanical voltage transformers operating on the principle of electromagnetic induction;

2. application of electronic transformers;

3. without the use of transformer devices based on voltage dividers.

Technically, inverter voltage conversion is possible, which has become widely used for frequency converters that control electric motors. But, for charging batteries, this is quite expensive equipment.

Charging circuits with transformer separation

The electromagnetic principle of transferring electrical energy from the primary winding of 220 volts to the secondary completely ensures the separation of the potentials of the supply circuit from the consumed circuit, prevents it from entering the battery and causing damage in the event of insulation failures. This method is the most secure.

Schemes of power parts of devices with a transformer have many different developments. The picture below shows three principles for creating different power section currents from chargers through the use of:

1. diode bridge with a ripple-smoothing capacitor;

2. diode bridge without ripple smoothing;

3. a single diode that cuts off the negative half-wave.

Each of these circuits can be used independently, but usually one of them is the basis, the basis for creating another, more convenient for operation and control in terms of the output current.

The use of sets of power transistors with control circuits in the upper part of the picture in the diagram allows you to reduce the output voltage at the output contacts of the charger circuit, which provides adjustment of the values ​​of direct currents passed through the connected batteries.

One of the options for a similar design of a current regulated charger is shown in the figure below.

The same connections in the second circuit allow you to adjust the amplitude of the ripples, limit it at different stages of charging.

The same average circuit works effectively when two opposite diodes in the diode bridge are replaced by thyristors, which equally regulate the current strength in each alternating half-cycle. And the elimination of negative half-harmonics is assigned to the remaining power diodes.

Replacing a single diode in the lower picture with a semiconductor thyristor with a separate electronic circuit for the control electrode allows you to reduce current pulses due to their later opening, which is also used for various methods of charging batteries.

One of the options for such a circuit implementation is shown in the figure below.

Assembling it with your own hands is not difficult. It can be made independently from available parts, allows you to charge batteries with currents up to 10 amperes.

The industrial version of the Electron-6 transformer charger circuit is based on two KU-202N thyristors. To control the opening cycles of half-harmonics, each control electrode has its own circuit of several transistors.

Among motorists, devices are popular that allow not only to charge batteries, but also to use the energy of a 220-volt supply network to connect it in parallel to start a car engine. They are called launchers or launchers. They have an even more complex electronic and power circuit.

Circuits with an electronic transformer

Such devices are produced by manufacturers to power halogen lamps with a voltage of 24 or 12 volts. They are relatively cheap. Some enthusiasts try to connect them to charge low-power batteries. However, this technology has not been widely developed and has significant drawbacks.

Charging circuits without transformer separation

When several loads are connected in series to a current source, the total input voltage is divided into component sections. Due to this method, dividers work, creating a voltage drop to a certain value on the working element.

On this principle, numerous chargers with resistive-capacitive resistances for low-power batteries are created. Due to the small dimensions of the components, they are built directly into the flashlight.

The internal electrical circuit is completely placed in a factory insulated case, which excludes human contact with the potential of the network during charging.

Numerous experimenters are trying to implement the same principle for charging car batteries, offering a connection scheme from a household network through a capacitor assembly or an incandescent bulb with a power of 150 watts and passing current pulses of one polarity.

Similar designs can be found on the sites of do-it-yourself masters, who praise the simplicity of the circuit, the cheapness of parts, and the ability to restore the capacity of a discharged battery.

But, they are silent about the fact that:

open wiring 220 represents ;

the filament of a lamp under voltage heats up, changes its resistance according to a law unfavorable for the passage of optimal currents through the battery.

When switched on under load, very large currents pass through the cold filament and the entire series-connected circuit. In addition, charging should be completed with small currents, which is also not performed. Therefore, a battery that has undergone several series of such cycles quickly loses its capacity and performance.

Our advice: don't use this method!

Chargers are designed to work with certain types of batteries, taking into account their characteristics and conditions for restoring capacity. When using universal, multifunctional devices, you should choose the charge mode that best suits a particular battery.

A screwdriver can be found in every arsenal of home tools. Indeed, with its help, serious tasks are solved during repairs, and everyday household chores for screwing a screw into a wall for hanging shelves, hooks and other necessary things. You can find out what kind of charger the device is equipped with, how to choose it and what features it has, from the article.

How the charger works

In appearance, the plastic case is more similar to a battery stand. But due to the metal contacts on this installation, the charging process occurs if the device is connected to the network. Usually, manufacturers complete their equipment and put all the designations on the block. This is both the brand name and the technical parameters that must be observed when using this technique.

Requires 220V network for operation. After connection, no indicator or sound alerts occur. And only the red and green LEDs on the case give out whether the charging process is in progress or not. If provided by the manufacturer, there may be a start button on the case. Then the network is closed, and power is supplied from the mains. This process is accompanied by a red indicator light. When the charge is completed, the green will light up again, as the power circuit will be interrupted.

How long the charging process can be is determined by two criteria:

• battery capacity, which is measured in ampere-hours. There are standard household models up to 1.5 Ah and professional ones, at 2.5 Ah. The larger the capacity, the more powerful the screwdriver;
• battery voltage, which varies from 2.4 V to 36 V. For screwdrivers, this criterion is most often 9 V and 12 V.

About types of chargers

In the configuration for a branded screwdriver, the manufacturer usually provides a couple of chargers. They are standard or analog and pulse. For household models, the first version of chargers designed for a simple battery is used. The duration of the process of replenishing the charge in the battery to 100% will be about three hours. Professional models are equipped with an impulse device. Then the time for replenishing the energy reserve in the battery is only one hour.

Analog Standard Charging Stations

Such products are equipped with a regular power supply. For non-professional models of a screwdriver or drill, there is no task to work for a long period of time. Therefore, they equip them with an inexpensive charge unit. The main thing is that the battery is charged continuously, which is possible with a constant current load in conditions of continuous voltage.

Important! When the charge starts, the voltage indicator should exceed the nominal value for the battery.

You can imagine a working charger by comparing it with an ordinary stabilizer. It doesn't matter what type of battery you use.

If we talk about the shortcomings of analog chargers, then they pay attention to the long duration of the charging process. But for household models, this is acceptable. After all, if you whine all night, then during the day the cabinet will be assembled with a screwdriver.

On average, devices charge for 3-5 hours.

Pulse type chargers

Now we will talk about components for professional equipment. It is used more actively, therefore it is impossible to allow the battery to be discharged. Of course, here the price aspect differs significantly from the analog versions. After all, every specialist understands that for good performance and duration of continuous operation, you first need to pay accordingly. And for a couple of batteries in the kit, you will have to pay even more. After all, usually masters use one, and the other is charging at this time. Because the charger works almost continuously on two batteries.

Often, the manufacturer adds an intelligent charge control circuit to the impulse block. This reduces the charging time to 60 minutes.

So, pulse chargers have the following features:

• their size is compact;
• the charge is provided with high currents;
• protection has been perfected.

If we talk about the shortcomings, there is a complex scheme. It, together with all the advantages, leads to a high cost. But some craftsmen solve this issue in their own way. If you have a circuit and a soldering iron, you can assemble the device yourself, saving more than half on components.

What the market offers

Well-known brands provide their screwdrivers with branded components, including charging blocks. In the event of a failure of only this item, it remains to look only among used goods.

On a note: in order not to buy a complete set, you need to consider purchasing compatible chargers. It should be considered according to the compatibility of the values ​​\u200b\u200b- current and voltage. There are also universal models suitable for almost any device.

Universal option

A purchase with a budget of only about 1000 rubles will allow you to purchase a unique option for a 12, 14 or 18 V screwdriver. Then you can charge any batteries. Moreover, it is best to choose among domestic brands, excluding Chinese models from the list of candidates.

Company block on Bosch

The original 18V charger is sold by some stores.

Price aspect

Universal devices vary in price from 800–2500 rubles. They have protection against overheating of the rechargeable battery up to 45 0 C. Professional devices are several times more expensive, and their price tags start at 7.5 thousand rubles.

What's the bottom line

Knowing how the charger is arranged, what it can be, universal analog or professional, each user will be able to choose the right model for his screwdriver. The enumeration of names is not so important. The main thing is to know what is the capacity of the battery being charged and the voltage.

Sooner or later, any car enthusiast is faced with the problem of a dead battery, especially when the temperature drops below zero. And after a couple of launches by the “lighting up” method, there is a firm belief that the automatic charger is one of the essentials. The market today is simply replete with a variety of such devices, from which the eyes literally run up. Various manufacturers, colors, shapes, designs and, of course, prices. So how do you figure it all out?

Choosing an automatic charger

Before you go shopping, you need to decide which battery to charge. They come in a variety of types: serviced and unattended, dry-charged or flooded, alkaline or acidic. The same applies to chargers: there are manual, semi-automatic and automatic. The latter are preferable to choose, since they practically do not require outside intervention, and the entire charging process is controlled by the device itself.

They provide the most optimal mode, while there is no overvoltage dangerous for the battery. Smart electronic filling will do everything according to the correct, predetermined algorithm, and some devices are able to determine the degree of battery discharge and its capacity, and independently adjust to the desired mode. Such an automatic charger is suitable for almost any type of battery.

Most modern chargers and start-chargers have a so-called fast charging mode (BOOST). In some cases, this can really help out a lot when, due to a weak battery charge, it is not possible to start the engine with a starting device. In this case, it is enough to charge the battery in BOOST mode for literally a few minutes, and then start the engine. Do not charge the battery for a long time in BOOST mode, as this can significantly shorten its life.

How does an automatic charger work?

Typically, this device, regardless of manufacturer and price category, is designed to charge and clean plates from lead sulfate (desulfation) of twelve-volt batteries with a capacity of 5 to 100 Ah, as well as quantify their charge level. Such a charger is equipped with protection against incorrect connection and short circuit of the terminals. The use of microcontroller control allows you to choose the optimal mode for almost any battery.

The main modes of operation of the automatic charger:

It should be remembered that a properly selected automatic charger for a car battery can not only ensure its reliable and uninterrupted operation, but also significantly extend its service life.