Internet technologies for doing business; organization of user work. Internet technologies for doing business Basic elements of e-commerce systems

Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below

Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.

Similar documents

The essence and basic elements of Internet communication. Study of Internet connection usage indicators used to measure its condition; statistical analysis and forecasting. Average values and indicators of variation. Application of the sampling method.

course work, added 04/28/2015

Characteristics of local computer networks and consideration of the basic principles of the global Internet. Concept, functioning and components of e-mail, formats of its addresses. Telecommunications: radio, telephone and television.

course work, added 06/25/2011

Basic model of client interaction with the Internet. Development of technology for wireless access to the WWW. Stages of development mobile Internet. WAP protocol family. Access control scheme telephone network. Wireless Internet access protocols.

abstract, added 10/22/2011

Providing access to the Internet between towns and villages. Characteristics of end points. Choice optical cable on a fiber optic transmission line. Organization of construction work. Costs of providing Internet communication services in the village. Chervishevo.

thesis, added 02/16/2016

Selection of technology (ADSL) for building a network wired data transmission infrastructure for the Internet provider in the city of Donskoy and adjacent microdistricts; used software; detailed configuration of the billing system and network equipment.

course work, added 06/23/2011

History of the creation of the Internet. “Victims” of the Internet, what exactly attracts people to the Internet and how this can be avoided. The Internet in the Workplace Problem. Features of communication on the Internet using web-chat. Psychological aspects of communication, concepts of flame and flood.

certification work, added 10/05/2009

Modern trends in the development of the Internet. Graph of traffic distribution by categories of Internet applications. Wi-Fi adapter settings. Methods of protection and security Wi-Fi networks. AdminDeviceLan program as a way to protect local networks.

Target distance learning students to the basics of e-business - to introduce the basics of the functioning of the global computer network Internet, the network economy and new forms of business, methods of creating digital goods, Internet marketing, payment systems and methods of creating a website for running your own e-business.

The development of information and telecommunication technologies has created an environment for economic activity on the Internet, and a new interactive channel for interaction between companies and business partners and clients has emerged. Today, commercial activities on the Internet have become accessible to everyone.

Currently there are two main directions Internet use in business: the Internet as a means of communication, a source of reference information, a means of advertising and marketing for doing business (economic activity) outside electronic networks and the Internet as a tool for conducting electronic business based on the principles of the network economy.

It is known that the network economy is an economic activity carried out using electronic networks. The network economy is an economic activity based on horizontal (direct) long-term connections between all participants in joint activities in the information and communication environment of the Internet.

It's high quality new form management, which differs from command-hierarchical (centralized) and market forms of management of economic activity. The network economy is becoming the basis for e-business, the main component of which is e-commerce, which cannot exist outside the network.

E-business is a business activity based on the use of information and telecommunication technologies that ensure the interaction of economic entities on computer networks in order to make a profit.

The development of the information infrastructure of the public interactive Internet, as well as the ease of use of the network, has brought together many buyers and sellers of information, goods, and services, and the interaction of economic entities has formed new business models.

Of interest are the main models of interaction between market actors in computer networks:

B2B- business for business (Business-to-Business), e-business, focused on a business partner;
B2C- business for the consumer (Business-to-Consumer), e-business, focused on the end user.
C2C- consumer to consumer (Consumer-to-Consumer), e-business, focused on the end user.

B2B is a business model of interaction between companies using computer networks.

The basis of the B2C business model is retail, i.e. interaction of companies with consumers on the Internet.

C2C is a model for selling goods and services from one consumer to other consumers, i.e. interaction between consumers and consumers on the Internet.

In addition, there are a number of other business models.

Electronic business includes: concluding agreements and contracts, electronic control procurement, software and digital goods production, order formation and processing, sales, goods delivery, marketing, financial analysis, payments, personnel search, customer support and partnership support.

Since the environment for conducting e-business is the Internet, we will start learning the basics of e-business by getting acquainted with global network Internet.

A set of programs that provides the functionality of a search engine is called search engine or search engine. The main criteria for the quality of a search engine are relevance, completeness of the database, and consideration of language morphology. Indexing of information is carried out by special search robots. Improving the performance of search engines is one of the priorities of today's Internet.

The first search engine for World Wide Web There was "Wandex" - a robot developed by Matthew Gray from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1993. Also in 1993, it appeared search system Aliweb, still working. The first full-text (so-called "Crawler-based" - that is, indexing resources using a robot) search engine was "WebCrawler", launched in 1994. Unlike its predecessors, it allowed users to search for any keyword on any Web page - something that has since become standard in all major search engines. In addition, it was the first search engine that became known in wide circles. In 1994, the Lycos search engine, developed at Carnegie Melon University (USA), was launched.

Soon many other competing search engines appeared, such as Excite, Infoseek, Inktomi, Northern Light and AltaVista. In some ways they competed with popular Internet directories such as Yahoo!. Later the directories merged or added to themselves search engines to increase functionality. In 1996, a morphological extension to the AltaVista search engine and original Russian search engines Rambler and Aport. On September 23, 1997 it was implemented search engine Yandex.

In addition to search engines for World Wide Web There were also search engines for other protocols, such as Archie for searching anonymous FTP servers and Veronica for searching Gopher.

Currently, sets of search and service programs form powerful public and commercial search services: in the foreign sector of the Internet these are AltaVista, Excite, Google, HotBot, Infoseek (Go) Light, Lycos, Magellan, Norbern, Yahoo!, Open Text, Web Crawler, in the Russian-language sector, the main full-text search engines are Aport, "Ivan Susanin", "Cyril and Methodius", "Russia-On-Line", Rambler, List.ru, Russia on the Net, FTP - Search, Yandex.

According to Net Applications, in December 2007, Google's global market share was 77.04%, Yahoo - 12.46%, MSN - 3.33%, Microsoft Live Search - 2.57%, AOL - 2.12% , Ask - 1.38%, AltaVista - 0.13%, Excite - 0.07%, Lycos - 0.02%, All the Web - 0.02%.

Popularity of search engines in the Russian-language segment of the Internet (Runet):

multilingual: Google (18% of Runet), Yahoo! (1% of Runet) and owned by this company search engines: Overture, Inktomi, AltaVista, Alltheweb FAST-Engine, as well as MSN (2% of Runet, owned by Microsoft);
Russian-speaking: Aport (1% of Runet), Rambler (18% of Runet), Yandex (47% of Runet), Mail.ru (7% of Runet), Webalta, Qwika, Gogo.ru, Turtle, Punto, Nigma, Darodar - search system goods, VisualWorld, Vershki Runet - search by title pages.

Most Russian-language search engines index and search for texts in many languages - Ukrainian, Belarusian, English, etc. They differ from “all-language” systems that index all documents in a row in that they mainly index resources located in domain zones, where the Russian language dominates, or in other ways limit their robots to Russian-language sites.

Along with the universal search engines Specialized ones, such as metasearch MetaCrawler, are very popular. com and Nigma.ru, or performing “vertical” searches (by specific types: news, pictures, videos, photos, vacancies, product groups, etc.).

Internet technologies in business

In the recent past, the main mode of Internet use was Email. Email - this is an absolutely necessary means of communication, however, in a number of important cases (for example, if there is a need for prompt information search on servers connected to the network) it is not sufficient: information exchange is taking too long. In such cases, an Internet connection is required. On-Line. Until recently, such a connection cost users significantly more than connecting in email mode (more telecommunications resources are consumed). Currently, there is a rapid transition to new technologies on a global scale. telecommunications, accompanied by a sharp increase in channel capacity and an equally sharp decrease in the cost of their use. This has already led to the fact that in the USA the On-Line mode today is main mode of use Internet. Naturally, this attracts businessmen (quick access to information is an obvious business requirement).

Rice. 4.3.

When using the Internet in On-Line mode, many software service tools are potentially available that provide an online connection to the server. remote terminal(Telnet), downloading files (Ftp), searching for necessary information resources, etc. Particularly important is the fact that potentially any user connected to the Internet in On-Line mode and possessing a so-called IP address can create his own WWW - server, filling it with up-to-date information. This opens up wide business opportunities (advertising, catalogs and price lists of goods and services, the possibility of remote orders, etc.). Thus, not only information environment influences the user, but the user himself becomes an active participant in changing the environment (Fig. 4.3).

Many commercial organizations previously made little use of Internet technologies due to the almost complete lack of information security when transmitted over the network. For this reason, many large companies, with branches located in different parts of the world, still maintain their own corporate global networks with guaranteed security. Of course, such networks are much more expensive than the Internet. Currently, tools have begun to appear that provide information security and when using the Internet.

For example, Sun Microsystems announced the release of the SunScreen product, based on the use of cryptography methods at the level of transmission of message fragments. Based on the use of SunScreen, a company can create a virtual secure corporate subnet within the Internet. The main problem is the legal restrictions on the use of cryptography methods set by national governments. However, the prospects opening up for business are so tempting that the governments of the international community will be forced to make a consensus positive decision.

At the present stage of development of electronic means of business, two main directions of using the Internet in business can be distinguished (these are Internet technologies for business) and business in the Internet space [Kuznetsov S. Internet in business and business on the Internet. www.citforum.ru/internet/].

First approach(Internet in business) has been used almost since the very birth of the Internet. Any company needs information support for its business processes, as well as online information interaction with the external environment: branches in other cities and countries, clients, suppliers - reliable and preferably inexpensive. Those companies that were the first to use email and teleconferences, for some time they gained a competitive advantage - developed technologies make it possible to exchange high-quality multimedia information almost instantly. Companies began to acquire information showcases (websites), and multi-industry companies and corporations - information portals(Enterprise Information Portal - EIP), which very quickly began not only to represent the “face” of the company in business, but also turned into one of the powerful business management tools.

Informational portal is a “system multi-level set of various information resources and services of an organization, integrating various data sources and individual functional systems, with a single entry point and unified rules for the presentation and processing of information."

From a technological point of view The portal is an application server that can run standard "portal" components and guarantees reliability and scalability systems, and also takes care of access rights control issues.

From a visualization point of view This is the display part of the information system, providing users with a single authorized personalized access to internal and external information resources and business applications.

From the point of view of the implementation of core activities This is a new concept for organizing employees' workplaces with access to all the information necessary to perform their assigned functions.

From an organization management perspective- an integrated system for managing distributed information resources and a system for information support for all activities of the organization. The portal is built on the basis of Web technologies; it is based on a core that ensures the operation of all services and data integration and applications. Custom Functions are implemented through specialized software modules - portlets.

Creation and efficient use Web portals open up fundamentally new opportunities for the use of Internet technologies in business, allowing:

promptly place and develop the organization’s information resources;
speed up access to information on the subject of the portal - at any time, anywhere and for any interested user;
increase the information content of those involved in preparing the decision;
to form a “club of friends of the organization” - to interest potential customers and clients with quality products and services, systems of discounts and bonuses, to accumulate additional financial resources through attractive investment projects and more active use of the organization’s information resources by a wide range of external users;
optimize the advertising budget and IT expenses of the organization (through the organization of shared Web services);
integrate the organization’s information resources with the resources of suppliers, business partners, and global information resources;
improve the quality of process management, information security and the activities of the organization as a whole.

Let's list some of the benefits that the Internet provides for business.

Low costs. The use of Internet technologies for small and medium-sized companies significantly reduces the costs of creating, and most importantly, operating their own distributed corporate network.

Openness. Network technologies are completely open because they are based on standardized protocols and formats that are accessible to every user. A large number of developers of application packages provide technology support in an open environment. In this regard, there are quite a lot of products on the specialized software market, which ensures availability and good choice.

Sustainability. There are two critical factors for the success of certain technologies in the market - reliability and scalability. Internet/Intranet technologies today are proven and reliable, as these technologies have been developing over a long period and are used by millions of people in many countries around the world. For example, Netscape's servers record up to 40 million hits per day.

Access to the widest possible audience. By creating a "virtual storefront" on the World Wide Web, a business can reach any interested user and interact directly with potential customers, providing the ability to fully implement the "anywhere, anytime" approach.

Reduced marketing and support costs. The costs of traditional advertising are significantly reduced, since the company can place it on its own website in any reasonable quantities. Electronic distribution and retrieval necessary information is much cheaper than using regular paper media. At the same time, the speed of spread is incomparably higher. Electronic information can be constantly updated, and automatically. The widespread spread of WWW opens up access to almost every corner of the Earth, which, in combination with technology

The concept of e-business, e-commerce, e-commerce. Advantages and disadvantages of e-business.

Electronic business, E-business, I-business, e-Business is a business model in which business processes, exchange of business information and commercial transactions are automated using information systems. A significant part of the solutions uses Internet technologies to transfer data and provide Web services. The term was first used in a speech by former IBM CEO Louis Gerstner.

Electronic business is a collective concept for many classes of information systems that automate the commercial work of an enterprise. In addition to e-commerce, which is focused on interaction with the consumer in the field of sales, the entire value chain of the enterprise is supported.

The history of e-business goes back to the beginning of the information technology revolution of the 1960s and 70s. The rapid development of ICT - the collective name for the industries of microelectronics, computer technology and telecommunications - has made it possible to simplify and reduce the cost of data exchange between and within enterprises. Large corporations have begun to implement paperless electronic data interchange (EDI) technologies to reduce the burden and costs of paperwork, as well as increase the speed of exchange.

There are several classes of information systems used by enterprises to automate their business:

ERP (English: Enterprise Resource Planning) - IS for enterprise resource management.

CRM (English: Customer Relationship Management) - IS for managing interactions with customers.

BI (English Business Intelligence) - IS for collecting, analyzing and presenting business information.

ECM (English: Enterprise Content Management) - IS for managing information and documents in an enterprise.

HRM (English: Human Resource Management) - personnel management information system.

SCM (English: Supply Chain Management) - IS for supply chain management.

According to IDC, the total e-business market will reach $1.6 trillion by 2003, with $1.4 trillion of that coming from B2B offerings.

According to eMarketer, e-business revenues worldwide were $336 billion in 2001, $686.3 billion in 2002, and $1.26 trillion in 2003.

Electronic commerce (e-commerce)- a term used to refer to commercial activity using electronic data transmission media. Provides the opportunity to make purchases, sales, service maintenance, and conduct marketing activities through the use of computer networks. E-commerce (in a broad sense) is a business activity involving the implementation of commercial transactions using electronic means of data exchange.

The objects of e-commerce are what the activities of e-commerce systems are aimed at. These include various goods, services and information.

E-commerce systems

1. By objects and subjects of activity they distinguish: B2B (business to business), B2G (business to government), B2C (business to client), C2C (client to client), G2B (government to business). At the same time, there are other varieties: business - administration, administration - business - this is respectively equal to B2A and A2B.

2. According to the degree of novelty of the enterprise’s activities in the e-commerce system:

a completely new, previously non-existent type of activity,

a new type of activity for the enterprise,

reorganized existing activities,

previous activities using new capabilities of e-commerce systems.

Basic elements of e-commerce systems

1. E-commerce entities are participants and clients of e-commerce systems. These are financial institutions, business organizations (commercial enterprises) and consumers.

2. E-commerce systems: trading, payment, arbitration and delivery systems.

3. Processes in e-commerce:

Market research,

Sale of goods, services, information,

Fulfillment of orders,

Transaction settlements,

Support for commercial activities, in particular catalog management

4. E-commerce networks: global Internet, commercial and corporate.

Benefits of e-commerce

For companies

1. Global presence. The scope of e-commerce is determined not by national borders, but by the spread of the Internet in the world. This allows even small companies to do business on a global scale.

2. Increased competitiveness. Companies use e-commerce technologies to “get closer to the customer.” They offer extensive pre-sales and post-sales support and can quickly respond to customer complaints.

3. Personalization of sales. With the help of e-commerce tools, companies can obtain information about the requests and requirements of each individual customer and automatically provide products and services that meet their requirements.

4. Quick response to demand. Companies adapt to consumer requirements and can quickly respond to their requests and provide feedback.

5. Cost reduction. Concluding a transaction electronically reduces service costs. This entails lower prices for customers.

For clients (consumers)

1. Global choice. Customers have the opportunity to choose goods and services from all represented global suppliers.

2. The ability to quickly compare offers and exchange information with other users.

3. Convenience of transactions. The ability to order goods and carry out transactions at a time convenient for customers.

4. Price reduction. Consumers can purchase goods, services, information at lower prices

The global Internet has made e-commerce accessible to companies of any size. If earlier the organization of electronic data exchange required significant investments in the communication infrastructure and was only feasible for large companies, then the use of the Internet today allows small firms to join the ranks of “electronic traders”. An electronic storefront on the World Wide Web gives any company the opportunity to attract customers from all over the world, and Catalog Management allows you to create such a storefront without any significant investment of labor, time and money. Such an on-line business forms a new sales channel - “virtual”, which requires almost no material investments. If information, services or products (for example, software) can be delivered via the Web, then the entire sales process (including payment) can take place online.

The definition of e-commerce includes not only Internet-oriented systems, but also “electronic stores” that use other communication environments - BBS, VAN, etc. At the same time, sales procedures initiated by information from the WWW, but using for exchange fax, telephone, etc. data can only partially be classified as e-commerce. We also note that, despite the fact that the WWW is the technological basis of e-commerce, a number of systems also use other communication capabilities. Thus, requests to the seller to clarify product parameters or to place an order can also be sent via email. Today, the dominant means of payment for online purchases are credit cards. However, new payment instruments are also entering the scene: smart cards, digital cash, micropayments and electronic checks.

E-commerce includes not only on-line transactions. The area covered by this concept must also include such activities as conducting marketing research, identifying opportunities and partners, maintaining relationships with suppliers and consumers, organizing document flow (including transmitting manufacturer catalogs in electronic form), etc. Thus Thus, e-commerce is a complex concept and includes electronic data exchange as one of its components.

E-commerce examples:

Online stores

Organization of payment systems

Internet auctions

Tender web platforms, for example Erumpo.