When installing or uninstalling programs on a computer, or changing the composition of operating system components and some software packages, the appearance or disappearance of Main Menu items is inevitable. These changes to the Main Menu reflect changes in your ability to use your computer. Setting up the main menu will allow you to quickly navigate among installed programs and applications.

On Windows there are two Main menu view: the Start Menu itself and the Classic Start Menu, which differ both in appearance and functionality.

The easiest way to add an item to the Main Menu is to drag a program or document icon onto the Start button. The created item will appear at the top level of the Main Menu above the dividing line that separates standard items from those added by the user. If you need to set some properties of a shortcut, it is more convenient to right-click on an empty space on the Taskbar and select Properties from the context menu that opens. You can also give the command Start - Control Panel - Taskbar and Start menu. The Taskbar and Start Menu Properties dialog box opens. Select the Start Menu tab, switch the radio to Classic Start Menu, and click the Customize button. In the Customize Classic Start Menu dialog box that appears, click the Add button to launch the standard Create a shortcut wizard. The process of creating a shortcut will include the additional step of selecting a folder in the Main Menu in which the shortcut will be placed.

To delete a Main Menu item, the easiest way is to open this menu and right-click on the desired item. In the context menu that opens, select Delete. Another way is to open the Taskbar and Start Menu Properties dialog box, select the Classic Start Menu from the Start Menu tab, and then click Customize and then Uninstall. In the Delete Shortcuts and Folders dialog box, you must specify the item to be deleted.

Remote Main menu items, as well as other deleted files, are automatically placed in the Recycle Bin. By opening the Trash, you can cancel the erroneous transaction.

Since Main Menu items are shortcuts, changing the property of a Main Menu item means changing the property of the corresponding shortcut. To view or change the properties of a shortcut located in the Start menu, right-click on the desired item in the Start menu and select Properties in the shortcut context menu that appears.

As with creating a folder, there is no easy way to rename a Main Menu item. To carry out this operation, you must resort to manual modification of the Main menu: Start - Control Panel - Taskbar and Start menu - Start menu tab - Classic Start menu - Customize button, in the Configure the classic Start menu dialog box that appears » Click the Manual button and in the Explorer window that appears, rename the desired Main Menu item.

Special Main menu meaning is that it is available at almost any time, regardless of what programs are running and what documents are open. Numerous windows can cover desktop objects and make it inconvenient to use folders, open documents and launch programs, while the “Start” button is always visible on the monitor screen. Navigation through the Main Menu items is performed by simply hovering the mouse pointer and then clicking on the “Start” button.

24. Main menu in Windows. Main Menu structure and commands, purpose

The Windows main menu opens by clicking the Start button and provides access to all the main tools and applications on your computer. If you install a new program on your computer, its name usually appears in the Main Menu in the “Programs” item, from where this program can be launched. The content and structure of the Main Menu can be adjusted quite widely. Menu and submenu navigation can be accelerated. It is not necessary to go through all menu items using arrows. You can press the hot letter of a menu item. This can be a specially defined hot letter, which is underlined in the name of the menu item. Otherwise, the first letter of the menu item name will be hot if there is no specially defined hot letter. Unfortunately, accelerated search is not always possible for names starting with Russian letters. At a minimum, for this, Russian must be installed on the computer as the default language

25. Control panel in Windows OS. Purpose, composition.

The control panel is a tool for configuring the operating system. It consists of groups of tools divided by purpose.

1.Equipment setup.

2.Configuring the interface.

3.Software setup.

4.Tools embedded in the software equipment production control panel

Administration-group within the control panel provides access to the operating system settings including all other settings groups. You can access the settings using (via) the property command in the context menu of the corresponding system objects. The system folder network environment allows you to configure network equipment. For making settings in the Windows operating system, starting from the NT family, has organizer rights.

26. The concept of a menu, types of menus in Windows, working with menus

Menu-list of commands.

1.Main menu(Start) - there are commands that correspond to certain operations (setup, help). Using the main menu, you can launch all programs installed under the operating system or registered in it, open the latest documents with which you worked, gain access to all tools operating system settings, as well as access to Windows search and help systems.

2.System menu-this menu freely allows you to manage your computer, administrative functions, manage disks (formatting, cleaning, checking), running utility and standard utilities, it allows you to easily navigate local disks, just like this is done from Explorer.

3.Service menu- allows you to control the size and location of the window on the Desktop, called by clicking the cursor on the system icon. 4. Context menu - a set of commands that the OS selects for the user in a given situation for the selected object (called by the right mouse button).

27. Text editors and processors. Purpose and types of text editors.

1st three positions: symbol, words, line. 1st type of text editor programs that allow you to work with text encodings of the ASCII table, 2nd UNICOD. ASCII encoding 1 byte. UNICOD containing 2 bytes.

1. The simplest editor. They can only change text, do not support formats and are based on screen or system fonts.

2. Special text edited for writing programs. The functionality necessary for various programming languages ​​is added.

3.Text editors with text formatting by paragraphs, words and symbols. The document will be perceived as text.

4.Text editors with graphics support (graphic objects are text elements)

5.Documents will be displayed both as I see and as I print WYSYG.

a) separation;

b) graphic objects

c) table.

Its name is word processors.

6.Desktop publishing systems (2000-XP).

28. The concept of an electronic document in Windows OS. Types of electronic documents.

A document file associated with Windows applications.

A Word doc cannot always be a Windows doc, only after saving.

Types of electronic documents: txt, doc, rtf, html.

The main menu provides access to almost all Windows functions and allows you to perform work related to launching programs, obtaining help, searching and opening documents, and configuring the system.

Purpose of Main Menu items:

Documentation

This item displays a list of the last 15 documents the user has recently worked with. In this submenu, if you click on a document or file associated with an application, it will be loaded and the selected file will be open and ready for use.

Settings

Provides quick access to the Toolbar, which allows you to change hardware configurations and user settings. The Settings item also opens access to the Printers folder, and finally, this item allows you to open the Taskbar Properties window.

Search

Allows you to find files and folders on any available disk device on local and external networks. You can search for a file not only by name, but also by creation date, text fragment contained inside, or file type.

Reference

Opens the Windows 98 help system, which contains comprehensive information on all system features and methods of using them.

Execute

Allows you to enter a command line, with which you can execute a DOS command, run an application, or open a folder by entering the full file name.

Shutdown

Allows you to correctly shut down Windows 98. In this case, all open files are first saved or messages are displayed in which the system asks you to do this. Then all temporary files that are not needed for further operation of the system are deleted. When you select Shutdown, you are given the opportunity, instead of turning off the computer, to reboot the system or return back to Windows or DOS.

In the course of describing the Main Menu items, I had to use not yet described concepts, such as the Taskbar, Explorer, My Computer, Recycle Bin, Network Neighborhood, Communications.

The Control Panel provides easy access to the Registry. Registry is a Windows 98 database that stores information about user settings, hardware configuration, installed programs, application and file type correspondence, and other system information. Settings items are accessed through icons in the Control Panel. Double-clicking on the icon provides access to the relevant information for changing or adding to it.

Explorer, My Computer, Network Neighborhood are tools built into Windows 98 designed to work with files. They are used to search for files, folders or networked computers. Explorer is launched from the Programs submenu of the Main Menu.

Basket. This is the place where deleted files are automatically placed. You can optionally either restore them from there or throw them out of the Recycle Bin. This tool protects you from accidentally deleting necessary files.

Rice. 2.22. Windows 7 main menu

When you click on the Start button on the taskbar, the main menu of Windows 7 appears (Fig. 2.22). This menu displays installed applications and contains commands for system settings and searching for information.

The left side (left panel) of the rectangle that appears displays a short list of applications that you have used recently or that, in the opinion of the operating system developers, you will use frequently. There are icons to the left of application names. They give the application individuality and allow you to quickly find it among others. To launch any of these applications, simply click on its name or icon with the mouse.

However, as stated, this is a short list of applications. To see all installed (that is, ready to use) applications, you need to click on the All programs item. As a result, the short list of applications in the left panel of the Main Menu will be replaced by a complete list of installed applications (Fig. 2.23). Here you can see both applications with their icons (menu commands), and folders that contain applications or other folders with icons. You can launch an application by clicking on its name with the mouse.

Rice. 2.23. Full list of installed applications

If you don't remember or don't know what an application is for, you can move the mouse pointer to its name and not move the mouse for a while. A tooltip may appear describing the purpose of the application.

In addition to applications with their own icons, this list also contains folders with icons

These folders may contain applications or other folders. When you click on a folder's name, it opens and displays a list of its contents. For example, in Fig. 2.24 shows the folder that has opened Standard, when it was clicked with the mouse.

Rice. 2.24. Contents of the Standard folder

To launch an application, you need to click on its name or icon. When the selected application is launched, the Main Menu automatically disappears from the screen.

In addition to the list of applications, there are other panels (rectangular areas) in the Main Menu. To the right of the application list is a list of commands that allow you to call up some useful functions. Let's consider each point separately.

Documents - Opens a window that displays the contents of the Documents folder that Windows 7 automatically created for you. You can store electronic documents (files with text, tables) in it.

Pictures - Opens a window that displays the contents of the Pictures folder that Windows 7 automatically created for you. You can store various images, such as photographs, in it.

Music - opens a window that displays the contents of the Music folder that Windows 7 automatically created for you. You can store music files in it.

Games - opens a window where standard games included in Windows 7 are collected. Any of them can be launched by double-clicking on the icon or name.

Computer - Opens a window that lists all the logical drives available on your computer and all removable media devices (floppy drive, CD drive, DVD drive).

Control Panel - opens the Windows 7 operating system settings window. We'll look at some of these settings in more detail later.

Devices and Printers - opens a window with a list of installed printers.

Default programs - allows you to configure the calling of programs that are launched by default to process files of various types or when performing some standard actions.

Help and Support - allows you to access the Windows 7 help system.

At the bottom left of the Main Menu there is a field for searching for various files and programs located on your computer. The keyboard cursor is already blinking in this field, so you can immediately enter the desired file name or its fragment. During the input process, preliminary search results will be displayed in the field above, where there was a list of applications (Fig. 2.25). If the file or program you are looking for appears in this list, you can click on it with the mouse. The file will open for viewing or editing, and the program will start.

Rice. 2.25. File search

You can remove the Main menu from the screen by clicking the button again.

Start or by pressing the Esc button on the keyboard (located in the upper left corner of the keyboard).

Setting the language to switch when entering text

As already mentioned, you can switch the input language either by clicking on the language indicator and selecting the desired value from the menu that appears (see Fig. 2.21), or by using a key combination on the keyboard.

You can use the default combination, or you can specify another one. Click right mouse button on the indicator. In the menu that appears (Fig. 2.26), select the Parameters command. As a result, a window will open with various settings for the languages ​​used. You need to go to the Keyboard Switching tab by clicking on its name.

Rice. 2.26. Calling the language settings window

Click on the Change keyboard shortcut button and in the window that appears, select the one you need from the list of shortcuts. A dot should appear next to the selected value. After this, click on the OK button.

Rice. 2.27. Language settings window

The main menu opens by clicking on the Start button located in the Windows taskbar. If you want to use a modern and powerful version of the operating system, we recommend that you read the Windows 7 installation page and install the OS. It contains icons of programs installed on the computer, a list of the most frequently used documents, and system folders. You can also access Windows settings using the main menu.

Depending on the version of the operating system installed on your computer, the Main Menu may have two different visual appearances: it can be displayed in the Windows XP style or in the “classic” style typical of Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows NT, Windows ME or Windows 2000.

The top part of the Main Menu of the Windows XP operating system contains the account name of the current Windows session. It is determined by the account you selected when logging in. The rest of the Main Menu space is divided into two functional fields: the left one displays shortcuts for the Microsoft Internet Explorer browser and the Outlook Express email client, as well as shortcuts for five applications that you often use. In order to launch any of these programs, just one click on the corresponding icon is enough.

At the very bottom of the Main Menu there are two buttons: End Session... (or Log Out), by clicking on which you can end the current session of working with Windows, and Turn Off Computer... (or Shutdown), which allows you to log out and turn off the computer.

In order to access shortcuts to installed applications and system programs, you need to move the mouse cursor to the All Programs (Programs) icon located at the bottom of the Main Menu and hold it for a few seconds.

If in the version of the operating system you are using the Main menu has a classic visual presentation, you can access the list of programs by clicking on the Programs item located at the top of the menu. An additional menu will appear on the screen containing the actual program icons and program groups; the latter are displayed on the screen using a distinctive folder symbol, marked with a black arrow on the right. By placing the mouse cursor on the icon of a program group, you gain access to a submenu that contains shortcuts for this program group - subgroups of a lower order or the programs themselves. To launch any application from the Main Menu, you need to click once on the corresponding icon with the mouse.

What is the desktop > What is the taskbar

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Hello, friends. Today, with novice users, we will look at the device of the Start menu in the Windows7 operating system and figure out how to configure it. The Start menu is the main means of accessing programs, applications, and computer settings. This menu can be accessed by clicking the Start button in the lower left corner of the desktop or by pressing the Windows logo key on your keyboard (almost every keyboard has one).

Start menu device

The Start menu consists of two panels.

The left panel contains shortcuts to the most frequently used programs, the All Programs menu, and the search bar.

The upper part of the shortcuts in the left panel (it is separated from the rest by a thin line) is the area of ​​pinned programs that are always present there, regardless of the frequency of their use. You can add icons of other programs to the pinned area or remove existing ones from it using the context menu of these programs.

At the bottom of the left panel there is a link to open the “All Programs” menu, which contains a complete list of programs installed on the computer. To select programs in the list, you can use the vertical scroll bar or the mouse scroll wheel.

At the very bottom of the left panel is a universal search bar. Using this line, you can very easily and quickly access all programs, controls and settings of your computer.

The right panel contains buttons for navigating to various controls and system folders, as well as links to the main user libraries. In total, up to twenty elements can be placed in the right panel, but by default only the most necessary ones are presented here.

At the top of the right panel is the icon of the user who is logged in and his name. Clicking the icon opens the User Accounts window, and clicking a user's name opens their profile folder.

At the bottom of the right panel is the Shut Down button, which you can click to shut down your computer. By clicking on the triangle to the right of the button, you can select one of the shutdown modes, as well as change the user.

Customizable Start Menu Right Panel Components

Documentation. When you select this link, the Documents library opens (a library is a collection of folders and files with similar content, collected from various locations). The Documents library, like other libraries, includes two folders: a folder with user documents and a folder with documents common to all users.

Images. The Images library opens.

Music. The Music library opens.

Computer. The “Computer” folder opens, containing icons of available disks, drives and other devices.

Control Panel. Control Panel opens, containing links to various items used to customize your computer.

Devices and printers. A system folder opens, displaying external devices connected to the computer and devices that can be connected to it. The computer itself also appears in this folder.

Default programs. The "Default Programs" folder opens. Here you can set the programs that Windows uses to process different types of files.

Help and support. The Help and Support window opens, allowing you to search for the help information you need.

If necessary, you can add the following items to the right panel of the Start menu: Administration, Videos, Homegroup, Run, Favorites, Recent Documents, Connect to, Network, TV Recordings, Downloads.

Customizing the Start Menu

In the Properties window, click the Customize button on the Start Menu tab, which will open the Customize Start Menu window.

The “Customize the Start Menu” window contains a list of Start menu items, the settings and display methods of which can be changed as you wish.

Most right panel items can be displayed in two ways, as a menu or as a link.

The Start Menu Size area, located at the bottom of the window, lets you change the number of frequently used programs that appear in the left pane of the Start menu.

The "Default Settings" button allows you to return to the original appearance of the Start menu.

That's all. I hope the article was useful to you. You learned how the Start menu is organized in Windows 7 and understood how to customize this menu to your liking to make working with your computer more comfortable. See you next time on the blog pages. Good luck!

If you have any questions about the topic of the article, please ask in the comments.

Best regards, Vladimir (Spectr-rv.ru).

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What is the Windows context menu and how to call it

In order for the computer to understand the user, and the user to explain to the computer what he wants from him, there are elements such as menus (there are several types) and a graphical interface. We will devote this publication to one of the categories related to this topic - how to call the context menu in Windows and what it is.

A menu is an element of the Windows graphical interface

When people talk to each other, they do not think about the fact that the language of communication is one of the types of interface. In principle, the user, giving commands from a set of available lists, receiving requests from the OS, opening windows, using scroll bars, uses the graphical interface without thinking about what it is.

GUI

The concept of interface is quite broad. If we talk about the Context Menu (English) as a component of the graphical interface, then we should imagine it as an element of dialogue with the operating system (computer).

Calling

Context Menu is a list (list, set) of commands available to the user regarding some object. Now let's look at how the context menu opens. Before opening the context menu, you need to place the cursor (mouse) on some object (activating it). And after that you can call it in different ways:

• Right mouse;
• A combination of “Shift” and “F10”;
• Also, the context menu is called up by pressing a special button - it is located between “ALT” and “CTRL”.

The set of its commands can be different and depends on what object was called on (in which area of ​​the screen):

Filling

The Context Menu is sometimes also called the “Explorer” or “Action” menu. Its appearance really does not depend on the object of the call, which cannot be said about the different content it contains with commands.

Compare the Context Menu invoked on the desktop:

with Context Menu called above the folder:

Do you feel the difference?

Conclusion - this set of possible actions depends on what type of object is applied to in a particular case (file, shortcut, folder, desktop, etc.).

Pay attention to the first picture - if a triangle-arrow is visible at the right end of the list line, this means the existence of a submenu in it (in this case, the submenu directory is the one that has opened).

Add Shift

If, when calling the Context Menu with the right mouse, we add to this the pressing of the “Shift” button, we will see a list that has increased from one to several lines (on the right). This sometimes gives additional convenience:

Finding a location

Since the Context Menu has a different set of commands for files and directories, its placement (and its settings) in the Windows Registry is different.

For directories, its place is here:

For files - already in another registry branch: in the “shell” and “shellex\ContextMenuHandlers” folders:

Setting up

When new applications are added to the computer, the list is updated with new items and expanded. For some users, working with a window takes on a tinge of agony. Look:

In addition, someone will want to customize the list of right-click commands to suit their tastes and installed programs. Such reformation is carried out either manually, working with the Registry, or using third-party applications. Our separate publication will be devoted to this topic.

From the same publication, you now know how to call the context menu, what it is, you got acquainted with the types, content, and location.

NastroyVse.ru

What is a context menu?

From this informational article you will learn how to call the context menu for any file, folder, shortcut, etc. using several different methods.

The context menu is a list of available commands that depend on the currently selected object. Folders, files, desktop or various programs that each user works with daily, almost all of them have a context menu that differs in the number of items, and therefore capabilities.

How to call the context menu?

To do this, you just need to right-click on the selected object, but using the Shift+F10 key combination brings up the menu of the currently active window, or simply press the context menu key (you can read about this key and other useful key combinations in this article).

If you right-click on the desktop in an empty space (with the right mouse button), a menu will appear with the sections available in it, and if you click on the file, then other sections will appear, and the shortcut will also have personal differences in the items, etc. .

This is actually what contextuality is all about, that is, the composition of the sections changes depending on the specific type of object.

Advanced context menu

To call it, hold down the Shift key and right-click on the selected object, which will cause the list to increase by several points, unlike a regular call.

In the example given, these differences can be observed. On the left screenshot is a standard right-click call on an object, and on the right screenshot is an extended call, where a tab for calling the command line (cmd.exe) has been added.

When you combine the Shift key + right-click, the menu will always expand from one to several new items, which can be very useful in some cases. I would also like to draw your attention to the fact that some tabs have a small arrow on the right side; if you hover your cursor over it, an additional submenu will pop up with a list of additional tabs.