What is a domain name and how to create it. How to register a domain: detailed instructions How to register your domain zone

In this article, we will tell you where to register a free top-level domain for your website on free hosting. The first level is a domain zone, so there is no “first” as such, you can only buy, sell and register a second level domain. The domain zones themselves are introduced by the international organization ICANN.

Free domains are not quoted by search engines in the best way.

For a small project, a presentation site or a business card site, free options are quite suitable or, so to speak, temporarily.

It also happens that the top-level domain you receive upon registration hosting is free, we do not consider this option. Each hosting has its own privileges in this sense.

DOT.TK

Most affordable for us, a free domain is a domain in the .tk zone

Previously, the system was such that it was impossible to fully attach a name to the site by specifying the DNS servers, you were only given a page with a redirect, now everything is different.

How do they treat search engines to the TK area? Above already wrote that not in the best way. I can’t say for sure whether Google and Yandex perceive them at all, I haven’t seen sites with such addresses in search engines. If you have an answer to this question or opinion, then write it in the comments.

FREENOM.COM

Are there any other free domain zones besides TK? Yes, we found Freenom. Here, in addition to .tk , .ml , .ga , .cf , .gq are available for free registration

Names in these zones can also be registered here:

CF - http://dot.cf/

GA - http://www.my.ga/

ML – http://www.point.ml/

Unfortunately, these three services are in English, but you can handle it

There used to be other projects to register free names, but today many of them have ceased to exist. Yes, and those that are indicated in this material, we are afraid that they will sink into oblivion.

Free third level domains

The picture would not be complete if we did not tell you where to register the name of the third level.

uCoz initially allows you to choose domains in this level, but some, let's say from experience, are not satisfied, and change the flea for soap or even worse. For some reason, some choose this way, creating a site in the uCoz constructor, hiding hosting, although in fact it is necessary just make a good website.

Here is a fairly large list of services where you can register the name you need for free. Basically, the names make it clear which domain you are offered:

www.co.cc
www.co.tv
Www.nic.cz.cc
www.uni.cc
smartdots.com
unonic.com
homenic.com
Nick.de.be
Lavanic.com
Cydots.com
Nick.de.nu
tipdots.com
europnic.com
duonic.com
mediadots.com
mediadots.com
Neunic.com
mixnic.com
Joynic.com
popnic.com
Freedomain.ce.ms
Nick.biz.ly
Freedomain.co.nr
Ulimit.com
Freedomain.cx.cc
Freedns.afraid.org
Nick.de.vu
Nic.ru.vu
Nic.at.vu
Nic.ch.vu
Nic.tr.vu
Nic.es.vu
Nic.nl.vu
Nic.ca.vu
Me.pn
Zor.org
Bz.tc

As you understand, I am skeptical about free domains, and the saying about free cheese is only appropriate here. I advise you to study this issue more widely, because. I did not understand this topic thoroughly and much remained unsaid. Including registration is not shown, but since the services are in Russian, and registration begins from the main page, I think you can handle it, follow the instructions on the site.

Today it became known that ICANN, an international non-profit organization that regulates issues related to domain names on the Internet, has preliminary approved Yandex's application for the first-level domain zone.yandex.

Especially for Habr, we asked the most basic questions about .yandex to the head of Yandex NOC Vladimir ivlad Ivanov and the deputy head of the operation department Tatyana tvt Bakharevskaya.

What does this ICANN decision really mean?

Tatyana: It means that we have passed the Initial Evaluation stage. Now Yandex needs to sign the Registry Agreement, which will determine our relationship with ICANN.

But this document is not ready yet, it is being discussed by the community:
www.icann.org/en/news/public-comment/base-agreement-29apr13-en.htm

The delegation of this zone will become possible after the signing of this document.

Are there other companies in Russia that have already received the zone?

Tatyana: At the moment, the following domains have passed the Initial Evaluation stage: moscow, children, rus. But applications are constantly being considered, so the list may have replenished during this time.

What have we done to get the zone? Can everyone do that?

Tatyana: It was a big job of the financial and legal department, and the British company Safenames, which has been helping us with domain registrations for a long time, helped us to apply.
The application is quite expensive - 185 thousand dollars, so, apparently, not everyone.

Will it be possible to make the domain just "yandex"?

Vladimir: Technically, "yandex" is no different from, for example, "com" or "ru". In practice, a significant proportion of resolvers, not detecting dots in the domain name, believe that this is a host in the local zone and try to contact just such a host. For example, if a user has a provider.ru local zone, then when trying to access "yandex", in reality the call will most likely be to "yandex.provider.ru". To prevent this from happening, the root zone must be written as "yandex." - then everything works.

Why is Yandex doing this? What is going to be there?

Tatyana: As we said, for now we plan to use the top level domain for ourselves. The same information will be on .yandex: search, our services, information about Yandex. If over time people get used to using top-level domains, it will be convenient for them to access Yandex through .yandex.

Vladimir: We will first look at how our own tld will be perceived by users in general. And check what problems will be with the software.

We take this very seriously. For example, in order to check everything in advance, inside we raised our TLD .tyndex a year ago to test life with it. If everything goes well, we will place our services there. It is very interesting how mail can work with these zones.

Technically, in the near future the zone will be supported by the company

If you are starting a business and want to make it profitable, you simply cannot do without a quality selling web resource. Once you've come up with a great domain name for your site, and it's time to register in a domain zone, you need to choose from dozens of suggested ones. In case you don't know what is the difference between info.kz, com.kz And org.kz which is best for your web resource - .ru, .biz or .com, whether there is any difference between all domain zones at all, this article will be extremely useful for you.

1. What does “domain zone” and “domain of the first, second and third levels” mean?

Surely you have come across the concept of “first (second, third) level domain” more than once. To make it easier to explain what this means, consider an example: www.yoursite.com - this is a second-level domain, where the first-level domain (and this is the domain zone) is the ending after the dot - com. When adding another word (for example, yoursite.com.ua) results in a third-level domain (subdomain). Fourth-level domains are formed according to the same principle (for example, images.yoursite.com.ua), but they are extremely rare.

2. What are the domain zones?

The domain zone determines whether the domain of the second (third, fourth) level belongs to the country or type of activity of the site. In this regard, there are:

International domain zones (.info, .com, .biz, etc.)

.com- general purpose domain (common). It was originally intended for commercial (commercial) organizations, but did not have the appropriate restrictions and eventually lost its purpose;
.net- as a rule, it is chosen by organizations providing network services;
.biz- earlier its analogue was the .com zone (before it lost its purpose). Today, .biz sites are chosen by any commercial organization;
.info- suitable for reference and information portals, blogs and home pages;
.org- Designed for websites of non-profit organizations.

Thematic domain zones (.tv, .fm, etc.)

Their choice is due to the thematic focus of the web resource:

.tv— designed for websites of TV channels, TV broadcasts, etc.;
.fm- in this zone, it is customary to register web resources of radio stations;
.travel- designed for companies operating in the tourism sector.

Stick to a simple rule: register a domain in the thematic zone corresponding to its purpose. For example, if you are creating an information portal, select the zone .info, and for the site of a commercial organization, it will be an excellent option .biz.

Regional and sub-regional domain zones(.ru, .by, .de, etc. - indicate belonging to the country, .spb.ru, kiev.ua - to the region) :

.ru, .rf- Russia;
.ua- Ukraine;
.by— Belarus;
.kz- Kazakhstan;
.de— Germany;
.fr— France;
.su- (Soviet Union) - the countries of the former USSR (today it is used mainly by the CIS and the Baltic states).
.eu— European Union;
.msk.ru- Moscow;
.spb.ru- St. Petersburg.

If the site will be visited mainly by people from Belarus or the organization operates in this country, then the best option for the web resource address would be the.by zone. If you want to emphasize belonging to a particular city, for example, St. Petersburg, register in the spb.ru zone. For a company whose activities are focused on people from Russia, zona.rf would be an excellent choice. Doubt whether to register in the domain zone.рф? Be sure to read our article on this topic.

Regional-thematic domain zones

.edu.ru- can be used to create websites of educational institutions in Russia;
.pp.ua- ("pp" - "private person" or "private page") - great for personal pages and blogs;
.co.ua- is an analogue of the Ukrainian domain.com.ua, belongs to the category of general purpose and is not limited to special requirements.

3. Can I choose any domain zone?

In general, yes. However, when choosing, it should be borne in mind that some first-level domains require compliance with the declared topic for registration, while others are available to everyone. Therefore, it is better to register a site in a zone that will help users understand what the resource is about.

4. International or regional first level domain?

To resolve this issue, follow a simple rule: if the audience or activities of your company are not limited to one country, you can register a domain in the international zone, for example, .biz. In the event that you want to present the project to the population of your state, it is better to use the zone of your country, for example.kz or.org.kz.

5. How to choose a domain for a highly specialized site?

When creating a site with a narrowly focused theme, for example, gardening, you can search for a suitable domain zone on the Internet. It is very easy to do this. Type in the keywords (“gardening”) in a search engine and see which top-level domains have sites on the first two pages.

We hope that in this article you have found all the answers to your questions on this topic. If you are the owner of a free site to the site and it looks like yoursite.site , we recommend that you buy a second-level domain, which will make your resource more representative in the eyes of potential customers.

Create a site to site in 5 minutes, choose the right domain and promote your business online!

Hello!

Many beginners who decide to solve the problem of how to create Domain name, confusion always arises in the head, and concepts such as domain, server name, site address and other terms that are similar in meaning are combined together.

But is it really the same meaning of these phrases?

Is it easy to name a personal online resource?

We will talk about this and many other things today.

The meaning of concepts or an introduction to the basics

If you are not just a “teapot” who absolutely does not understand the basics of creating a personal web resource, but a person who has certain knowledge of how the Internet works, then you understand how sites are placed on the network on the disk space of hosting servers. Therefore, you understand why an IP address is needed, what it means, and how it relates to the domain name system. If you forgot, then I'll remind you.

Each computer in a virtual network (hosting providers are no exception) has a personal IP address, which is a specific sequence of numbers (for example, 192.168.1.1). Also, web resources, in order to find a specific site on the Global Network, you will need to enter its exact address (or domain name).

A domain name is a unique combination of Latin characters that identifies (highlights) a personal resource among a huge number of other web pages. In simple words- This is a unique site name with a length of 2 to 63 characters.

Creating a domain name involves hosting a web page on a server with a specific IP address.

On a note! The same IP (server) can own several domain names! Each time you enter a domain name into your browser, the DNS service determines which email server the given name corresponds to, and which specific site you need to provide.

DNS server is software, which converts a digital address to a domain name and vice versa.

People, due to their abilities, prefer to use domain names rather than digital addresses, as they are easier to remember. But, despite this, the full site address is a URL (a standardized way of writing a specific web resource) consisting of 3 main elements:

Protocol (for example, http://);
Domain name (domain.ru);
File paths.

Let's talk a little about levels (main parts) of domains

Each domain name consists of several parts separated by punctuation marks (periods). The number of these levels is most often limited from 2 to 3.

Note ! A long site name with a lot of levels is quite inconvenient to use.

In sequential order from right to left, the upper and subsequent (descending) levels follow. The top-level domain or domain zone is called the ending:

related to geographic affiliation (for example, the domain “.UA” belongs to Ukraine, “.RU” belongs to Russia, and “.BY” belongs to Belarus);
related to a certain type of activity (“.info” - informational, “.travel” - tourist and “.org” - non-commercial).

Second-level domains are names unique in their group (in the parent hierarchy) registered with registrar organizations.

The third level is unlimited names registered with intermediaries (organizations that own domains of the 2nd level). They look like this: name..

How to register a domain yourself?

Want to give your site a unique name? Would you like to register a domain for yourself, and not for an outside host who can restrict your freedom of action? Then the algorithm proposed below will help you create a domain name from scratch!

Checking domain history before purchasing

A fairly common phenomenon that beginners encounter is the purchase of a domain name that has been under the Yandex AGS filter (blacklisted) or has caught another filter.

How to understand that something is wrong with the “name” of the site? Elementary - check the history! After all, you can get into trouble: buy an expensive, conspicuous and easy-to-remember name, add a unique one to the resource, wait a few weeks until Yandex and Google index the site, and as a result, get a domain blocked and with a bad reputation. Soon it will have to be replaced with a new one.

So, in order not to become a victim of scammers, we click on the links attached below and analyze the previous history of the domain.

http://www.reg.ru/whois/
http://wservices.ru/whoish.php
archive.org
http://whoishistory.ru/simplesearch

Be careful, warn your friends about scammers - share this material with them via social networks. networks.

Sincerely! Abdullin Ruslan

The domain (domain name) is the address with which you can open the corresponding site in the browser. When you enter this combination of characters in the browser line, a special server () finds and opens the Lifehacker site.

What is included in a domain

A domain name consists of several levels. They are separated by dots and counted from the end. The number of such levels can reach up to three.

The first level is called the domain zone. There is a fixed list of zones that you can choose from. Some of them indicate that the site belongs to a specific region: RU - the Russian Federation, UA - Ukraine, EU - the European Union.

Others inform about the direction of the site: COM - commerce, INFO - information activity, and so on. There are also domain zones, which consist of two levels. For example, COM.RU, SITE.RU, ORG.UA and NET.UA.

The level that follows the domain zone is the . You can compose it at your discretion from the letters of the Latin alphabet, numbers and a hyphen. For example, on the Lifehacker website, this level corresponds to the name lifehacker, following the RU zone.

There is also a special zone of the Russian Federation intended for registration of Cyrillic domains such as site name. RF.

How does domain registration work

Registration of most domains takes a few minutes. The service is paid: the cost of using popular domain zones is about 1,000 rubles per year, excluding promotions. But usually for the first year they give a significant discount.

The procedure can be completed on the website of any domain name registrar. All such services work in approximately the same way, let's consider the process using the example of REG.RU, one of the largest registrars in Russia.

In terms of restrictions, some areas require special permissions to use. For example, you can register in the UA zone only if you have a trademark with the appropriate name. In this case, the registrar will ask you to present special documents. But the vast majority of domains, including RU and COM, are available to everyone.

How to choose a domain name

A few tips to help you decide on a domain.

Try to keep the domain as short as possible. So it will be easier to remember and enter it into the address bar.
Choose a site name that reflects its theme.
If you cannot choose a short, meaningful and at the same time unique name, use reference books. You can borrow vocabulary from the Latin language.
If you have chosen a great name, but it is already registered in the desired domain zone, try alternative options. For example, recently, instead of COM, the consonant CO zone is often used. The latter is assigned to Colombia, but is open to everyone and is recognized internationally.
If you are registering a company website, discuss it with a lawyer before buying a domain. If another company has already received a trademark for the chosen name, your domain may be taken away from you.