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We have completed the detour of settlements in the district of Burgas.
First, about the sad. In such settlements as Sredets or Zvezdets, living is pure masochism. Two gypsy carts on each street is overkill. It's a complete star, as my friend said.)I must say that I was somewhat surprised at how quickly nature changes over a distance of 20-30 km. For 100 km. You can see this change 2-3 times. Especially in mountainous areas.
On trips, I marked places where I liked. Nature, air, water, people. It will not be possible to change this after buying a house.
And when I put these points on the map, I realized that all these places are in the mountains or very close.When we arrived in Malko Tarnovo, I immediately liked it here. We drove around the town. Nature is just what I was looking for. You can drink air. Water... Well, it even surprised me, spoiled by the cleanest water on the planet. The tap water is clean. And around the city there are small columns with taps. Mountain water runs from the nah. Locals go to these taps with plastic bottles. I talked for a long time with several local residents and realized that they are trying to drink this particular water. But they also drink from the tap easily.
I read somewhere on the forum that there are many Turks on the border with Turkey (and from Malko Tarnovo to Turkey 10 km). We spent half a day in the city, but I never met the Turks. Or didn't know. Although, in other settlements I immediately found out, which was confirmed by our Bulgarian friends.
Gypsies are everywhere. But there are very few of them here.
We were sitting in a cafe and I noticed a very colorful character. The old man just came for coffee. In Russia, I have not seen this. There he is.I also suspected him of Turkish origin. But a man living in Malko Tarnovo said that he knew him and that he was Bulgarian. Meanwhile, the old man counted out his 80 stotinki for coffee (very tasty, I must say) and left.
Now a little about the Bulgarian language.
For a week of constant communication with the Bulgarians, I began to get used to the language. I had no experience with Bulgarian before. But by the end of the week, he even began to translate almost simultaneously for his friend, whose language is more difficult. My translations are corrected or approved by a person who speaks Russian very well. He says that I understand almost everything in principle and translate correctly in most cases. I try to do it whenever possible. For practice.
Almost all the Bulgarians with whom we talked during the week either speak Russian or understand and try to make us understand their Bulgarian.
I specifically asked our Bulgarian friends to speak Bulgarian among themselves. And with other people too. So that they do not try to speak so that we understand them. And at the same time, I kept asking and asking again something. They patiently explained and explained. Personally, if I were in their place, I certainly would not have survived.About punctuality.
Everyone knows that the southern peoples are not very punctual, to put it mildly. But Bulgarians are exceptionally punctual. If he said that he would come at 9-00, then he would come either 10-15 minutes before that or on time. Never been late even for 15 minutes. Never. At first I thought they were our friends. But several times when we came to see some house, we called by phone and they told us something like this: look outside for now, and in 10 minutes they will bring the key. And they brought. We never waited for any significant amount of time. On the strength of 10-15 minutes in one direction or another.In any place where we appeared, there were immediately 2-3 people who showed, prompted and told what we were interested in. Often they just come and ask how they can help. In some cases, we just knocked on the nearest house and people came out. Answered any questions, asked what else could be useful.
Just pictures from life:
We sit in a small cafe on the street in the village of Rosen. A guard sits next to him. Just drinking coffee. Our Bulgarian friends asked him who was selling here and what. And we got more than just answers. We were taken to several houses and waited. We sat for an hour in a cafe and talked.
In Malko Tarnovo we found an acquaintance of our Bulgarian friend. He drove us around the town for 3 hours, showed us and asked the locals everything that could be of interest to us.
Continued a little later.
A small provincial town on the slope of Mount Strandzha near the Bulgarian-Turkish border is called.
Panorama of the city of Malko Tarnovo
Map of the city of Malko Tarnovo
Location Malko Tarnovo
History of Malko Tarnovo
More than twenty centuries ago, a Thracian tribe lived here, which left behind archaeological traces found by scientists. The tombs here are especially impressive. The Romans who replaced the Thracians built a roadside station here. The city acquired its present form only at the end of the 16th century.
Museum in Malko Tarnovo
Detailed records about the city were made during the Russian-Turkish war in the first half of the 19th century by one of the military. He noted that three and a half thousand inhabitants live in the town, they mine marble and breed sheep. In addition, some crafts related to animal husbandry and stone mining were widespread here.
In the second half of the nineteenth century The city already had eight thousand inhabitants, a school was opened there for the first time, and at the beginning of the twentieth century, the first theater.
Church in Malko Tarnovo
The concluded Berlin Treaty leaves Malko Tarnovo under Turkish rule. The Ilinden-Preobrazhensky uprising breaks out in the city. Unfortunately, it is defeated and five thousand inhabitants leave the city and go to the territory of Bulgaria. Officially, the city was attached to it only in 1913.
After the end of the war in 1945, several enterprises operated in the city, including a woodworking plant, an enrichment plant, and a plant that produces parts for the electronics industry. At the beginning of the 1990s, enterprises closed down and part of the population moved from Malko Tarnovo to large metropolitan cities or abroad.
Malko Tarnovo at present
Today, among the attractions of the city, museums can be noted - archaeological, historical and nature, as well as the ruins of the Thracian tombs. Built of marble blocks, they are the monuments of the epoch of the 3rd-5th centuries BC that have come down to us. e.
The sun is the source of life on the planet. Its rays give the necessary light and warmth. At the same time, ultraviolet radiation from the Sun is detrimental to all living things. To find a compromise between the beneficial and harmful properties of the Sun, meteorologists calculate the ultraviolet radiation index, which characterizes the degree of its danger.
What UV radiation from the sun is
The ultraviolet radiation of the Sun has a wide range and is divided into three regions, two of which reach the Earth.
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UV-A. Longwave radiation range
315–400 nmThe rays pass almost freely through all atmospheric "barriers" and reach the Earth.
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UVB. Medium wave radiation range
280–315 nmThe rays are 90% absorbed by the ozone layer, carbon dioxide and water vapor.
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UVC. Shortwave radiation range
100–280 nmThe most dangerous area. They are completely absorbed by stratospheric ozone without reaching the Earth.
The more ozone, clouds and aerosols in the atmosphere, the less the harmful effect of the Sun. However, these saving factors have a high natural variability. The annual maximum of stratospheric ozone occurs in spring, and the minimum - in autumn. Cloud cover is one of the most variable weather characteristics. The content of carbon dioxide also changes all the time.
At what values of the UV index is there a danger
The UV index gives an estimate of the amount of UV radiation from the Sun on the Earth's surface. UV index values range from safe 0 to extreme 11+.
- 0–2 Low
- 3–5 Moderate
- 6–7 High
- 8–10 Very high
- 11+ Extreme
In mid-latitudes, the UV index approaches unsafe values (6–7) only at the maximum height of the Sun above the horizon (occurs in late June - early July). At the equator, during the year, the UV index reaches 9...11+ points.
What is the benefit of the sun
In small doses, UV radiation from the Sun is essential. The sun's rays synthesize melanin, serotonin, vitamin D, necessary for our health, and prevent rickets.
Melanin creates a kind of protective barrier for skin cells from the harmful effects of the sun. Because of it, our skin darkens and becomes more elastic.
Happiness hormone serotonin affects our well-being: it improves mood and increases overall vitality.
Vitamin D strengthens the immune system, stabilizes blood pressure and performs anti-rickets functions.
Why is the sun dangerous?
When sunbathing, it is important to understand that the line between beneficial and harmful Sun is very thin. Excessive sunburn always borders on a burn. UV radiation damages DNA in skin cells.
The body's defense system cannot cope with such an aggressive impact. This lowers the immune system, damages the retina, causes skin aging and can lead to cancer.
Ultraviolet destroys the DNA strand
How does the sun affect people?
Susceptibility to UV radiation depends on skin type. The most sensitive to the Sun are people of the European race - for them, protection is required already at an index of 3, and 6 is considered dangerous.
At the same time, for Indonesians and African Americans, this threshold is 6 and 8, respectively.
Who is affected the most by the Sun?
people with light
skin tone
People with many moles
Residents of the middle latitudes while relaxing in the south
winter lovers
fishing
Skiers and climbers
People with a family history of skin cancer
In what weather is the sun most dangerous
The fact that the Sun is dangerous only in hot and clear weather is a common misconception. You can also get burned in cool cloudy weather.
Cloudiness, no matter how dense it may be, does not at all reduce the amount of ultraviolet to zero. In mid-latitudes, cloud cover significantly reduces the risk of sunburn, which cannot be said about traditional beach holiday destinations. For example, in the tropics, if in sunny weather you can get burned in 30 minutes, then in cloudy weather - in a couple of hours.
How to protect yourself from the sun
To protect yourself from harmful rays, follow these simple rules:
Get less exposure to the Sun during the midday hours
Wear light-colored clothing, including wide-brimmed hats
Use protective creams
Wear sunglasses
Stay in the shade more on the beach
Which sunscreen to choose
Sunscreen varies in terms of sun protection and is labeled from 2 to 50+. The numbers indicate the proportion of solar radiation that overcomes the protection of the cream and reaches the skin.
For example, when applying a cream labeled 15, only 1/15 (or 7%) of the UV rays will penetrate the protective film. In the case of cream 50, only 1/50, or 2%, affects the skin.
Sunscreen creates a reflective layer on the body. However, it is important to understand that no cream is capable of reflecting 100% of ultraviolet radiation.
For everyday use, when the time spent under the Sun does not exceed half an hour, a cream with protection 15 is quite suitable. For tanning on the beach, it is better to take 30 and above. However, for fair-skinned people, it is recommended to use a cream labeled 50+.
How to apply sunscreen
The cream should be applied evenly to all exposed skin, including the face, ears and neck. If you plan to sunbathe for a long time, then the cream should be applied twice: 30 minutes before going out and, additionally, before going to the beach.
Please refer to the cream instructions for how much to apply.
How to apply sunscreen while swimming
Sunscreen should be applied every time after bathing. Water washes away the protective film and, reflecting the sun's rays, increases the dose of ultraviolet radiation received. Thus, when bathing, the risk of burning increases. However, due to the cooling effect, you may not feel the burn.
Excessive sweating and rubbing with a towel is also a reason to re-protect the skin.
It should be remembered that on the beach, even under an umbrella, the shade does not provide full protection. Sand, water, and even grass reflect up to 20% of UV rays, increasing their impact on the skin.
How to protect your eyes
Sunlight reflecting off water, snow, or sand can cause painful retinal burns. Use sunglasses with an ultraviolet filter to protect your eyes.
Danger for skiers and climbers
In the mountains, the atmospheric "filter" is thinner. For every 100 meters of altitude, the UV index increases by 5%.
Snow reflects up to 85% of UV rays. In addition, up to 80% of the ultraviolet reflected by the snow cover is again reflected by the clouds.
Thus, in the mountains, the Sun is most dangerous. Protecting the face, lower part of the chin and ears is necessary even in cloudy weather.
How to deal with sunburn if you are burned
Treat the body with a damp sponge to wet the burn
Lubricate the burnt areas with anti-burn cream
If the temperature rises, consult a doctor, you may be advised to take an antipyretic
If the burn is severe (skin is very swollen and blisters), seek medical attention.
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